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Aging Effects on Cadmium Transport in Undisturbed Contaminated Sandy Soil Columns

P. Seuntjens^a, K. Tirez^a, J. imnek^b, M.Th. van Genuchten^b, C. Cornelis^a and P. Geuzens^a

^a Vito, Flemish Institute for Technological Research, Boeretang 200, B-2400 Mol, Belgium
^b USDA-ARS, George E. Brown, Jr., Salinity Lab., 450 W. Big Springs Road, Riverside, CA 92507-4617

View larger version (25K): [in a new window]   Fig. 1. Cadmium sorption isotherms: (a) Freundlich isotherm for three different horizons, (b) field-scale averaged two-species Freundlich isotherm, and (c) field-scale averaged three-species Freundlich isotherm.

View larger version (18K): [in a new window]   Fig. 2. Observed chloride (E, Bh) and nitrate (Bh/C) breakthrough data and fitted curves using the convection–dispersion (CDE) and two-region (TRM) models for (a) the E horizon, (b) the Bh horizon, (c) the Bh/C horizon with high flux, and (d) the Bh/C horizon with low flux.

View larger version (18K): [in a new window]   Fig. 3. Non-aged 111Cd breakthrough data for (a) the E horizon, (b) the Bh horizon, (c) the Bh/C horizon with high flux, and (d) the Bh/C horizon with low flux. Curves represent predictions of 111Cd concentrations using the convection–dispersion (CDE) model with independently determined parameters (predicted local equilibrium [LEA]), using the optimized two-site model (TSM) with k and n determined from batch experiments (fitted two-site model [TSM], batch k and n), and using the optimized TSM model with k and n also fitted (fitted TSM, optimized k and n).

View larger version (21K): [in a new window]   Fig. 4. Indigenous aged Cd breakthrough data for (a) the E horizon, (b) the Bh horizon, and (c) the Bh/C horizon with high flux. Curves represent predictions of Cd concentrations using the convection–dispersion (CDE) model with independently determined parameters (predicted local equilibrium [LEA]), using the optimized two-site model (TSM) with k and n determined from batch experiments (predicted TSM, batch k and n), and using the optimized TSM model with k and n also fitted (predicted TSM, optimized k and n). The TSM model parameters were optimized using the 111Cd breakthrough curve.