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Effect on Water Resources from Upstream Water Diversion in the Ganges Basin

Miah M. Adel

Interdisciplinary Sciences Research Center, Dep. of Chemistry and Physics, P.O. Box 4941, Univ. of Arkansas at Pine Bluff, Pine Bluff, AR 71611



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Fig. 1. Illustration of the common rivers of India and Bangladesh. The rivers having water diversion construction upon them are identified with small circles around them (Abbas, personal communication, 1992; Joint River Commission, Dhaka, Bangladesh, personal communication, 1996; Sattar, 1996, p. 55–57; India Drainage, Calcutta, personal communication, 1996)

 


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Fig. 2. Illustration of the project site showing courses of the Ganges and the Baral and Musa Khan distributaries

 


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Fig. 3. Illustration of the monthly average flow rate of the Ganges for the years 1850, 1900, and 1980 at the Farakka point, and for 1963 and 1993 at the Hardinge Bridge point

 


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Fig. 4. A comparison of the pre-Farakka discharges in the Ganges recorded at the Farakka point in India and Hardinge Bridge point in Bangladesh

 


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Fig. 5. Illustration of the average annual discharge rate of the Ganges through the Bangladesh delta (Hebblethwaite, 1997)

 


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Fig. 6. A picture of the fissured Ganges bed (courtesy of Shakoor Majiid). Latent heat sources have been turned into sensible heat sources

 


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Fig. 7. A hydrograph for the Musa Khan for 1963

 



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Fig. 8. a. A comparison of the monsoon season water depths for ponds in pre- and post-dam days.

b. A comparison of the dry season water depths for ponds in pre- and post-dam days

 


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Fig. 9. A change in the agricultural practices. The index along the y axis represents the percent of cultivated land used for a specific crop

 


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Fig. 10. Illustration of the arsenic-contaminated districts in Bangladesh and West Bengal along with the rivers having upstream water diversion projects (Abbas, personal communication, 1992; Joint River Commission, Dhaka, Bangladesh, personal communication, 1996; Sattar, 1996, p. 55–57; India Drainage, Calcutta, personal communication, 1996; Bearak, 1998; Subramanian and Kosnett, 1998)

 





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