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Alfalfa Rapidly Remediates Excess Inorganic Nitrogen at a Fertilizer Spill Site

^a USDA-ARS, 439 Borlaug Hall, Univ. of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108-6028
^b Minnesota Dep. of Agriculture, 90 W. Plato Blvd., St. Paul, MN 55107
^c HDR Engineering, 6190 Golden Hills Dr., Minneapolis, MN 55416
^d Dakota Growers Pasta Co., Carrington, ND 58421

View larger version (63K): [in a new window]   Fig. 1. Schematic diagram of the plot layout near Bordulac, ND. Creek (dotted line) to the south of the spill site drains eastward into Lake George. Abbreviations: AN = annual crop; AG = Agate alfalfa; IN = Ineffective Agate alfalfa; MW = MWNC alfalfa; RW = recovery well

View larger version (26K): [in a new window]   Fig. 2. Ammonium and nitrate concentration in irrigation water during 3 yr of remediation near Bordulac, ND

View larger version (33K): [in a new window]   Fig. 3. Annual dry matter yield and N yield in alfalfa herbage and corn (1996 and 1998) and wheat (1997) grain and stover near Bordulac, ND. NS = no statistical difference among alfalfa entries; * = Ineffective Agate mean significantly different from other alfalfa entries (P < 0.05)

View larger version (27K): [in a new window]   Fig. 4. Bulk soil ammonium and nitrate concentrations in plots at a remediation site near Bordulac, ND. Means of two to three cores removed to the depth of saturated soil. AG = Agate alfalfa; IN = Ineffective Agate alfalfa; MW = MWNC alfalfa

View larger version (49K): [in a new window]   Fig. 5. Soil solution nitrate concentrations obtained in shallow suction cup samplers (1.7 to 2.2 m deep, installed above the water table in 1996) at a remediation site near Bordulac, ND. Most data are means of two samplers per plot, but in some cases only one sampler yielded solution