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Nitrate Removal in a Riparian Wetland of the Appalachian Valley and Ridge Physiographic Province

^a III, Environmental Pollution Control Program, 249 Agricultural Engineering Bldg., The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802
^b Dep. of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, 233 Agricultural Engineering Bldg., The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802
^c Pasture Systems & Watershed Management Research Lab, USDA-ARS, Building 3702, Curtin Road, University Park, PA 16802
^d Department of Geosciences, 304 Deike Bldg., The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802

View larger version (28K): [in a new window]   Fig. 1. Surface elevation map of the riparian area, showing ground water monitoring locations (Wells 1-1 through 3-5, and Sites A and B in depressional wetland). Surface contour lines are shown in meters. The P, MS, and NP areas refer to locations of soil cores taken for denitrification enzyme assays. The P area soils were obtained from the preferential flow area between the effluent wetlands and Well 1-4, MS area soils were obtained in the meander scar near Well 3-2, and NP area soils were obtained from the nonpreferential flow area between Wells 2-1 and 2-2. Striped areas show final effluent wetlands and depressional wetlands within riparian area. Roaring Run is the shaded area at the top of the figure. Profile for C–C' transect is shown in Fig. 2

View larger version (26K): [in a new window]   Fig. 2. Profile of riparian area ground surface and water table elevations for representative dates during the study period. Profile represents line C–C' from stream to effluent wetlands shown on Fig. 1

View larger version (31K): [in a new window]   Fig. 3. Nitrate (NO-3–N) concentrations at riparian locations in (A) 1998 and (B) 1999

View larger version (28K): [in a new window]   Fig. 4. Denitrification enzyme activity (DEA) in slurry experiments. The P area soils were obtained from the preferential flow area between the effluent wetlands and Well 1-4, MS area soils were obtained in the meander scar near Well 3-2, and NP area soils were obtained from the nonpreferential flow area between Wells 2-1 and 2-2. A, B, and C represent samples obtained from soil horizons within each site. Error bars represent ±1 SE of four replicate cores within each area and horizon. BD denotes that N2O production was below detection for all replicate samples