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Growth and Mineral Nutrition of Cattail (Typha) as Influenced by Thermal Alteration¹

ABSTRACT

A greenhouse study was conducted to evaluate growth and mineral nutrition responses of Typha latifolia L. (common cattail), a ubiquitous emergent aquatic macrophyte, to changes in certain environmental conditions. Typha was found to be sensitive to temperature and nutrient changes in the soil. Elevations in temperature affected the growth and mineral nutrition more than increases of the soil N and P. An incremental change of 7°C, from lg to 25°C, increased the shoot biomass 1.7 times. However, a 14°C elevation, from lg to 32°C, increased the biomass only 2.2 times. Of the elements analyzed (Al, Ba, B, Ca, Cu, ¹³⁷Cs, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, N, P, Sr, and Zn), only the Cu content was not changed by elevated temperatures. In general, elemental contents increased with increasing level of temperature, paralleling the biomass production. The results indicate that Typha's potential to remove some elements from contaminated soil may be influenced by certain environmental factors.

Key Words: aquatic macrophyte • nutrient cycling • trace elements • thermal sensitivity • cattails

¹ Contribution from the Savannah River Ecol. Lab. (Inst. of Ecol., Univ. of Georgia, Athens), Drawer E, Aiken, SC 29801.

² Associate Professor of Agronomy and also Associate Research Ecologist, Former Undergraduate US-DOE Research Participant, Associate Research Ecologist and also Associate Professor of Botany, Soil Technician, and Graduate Student, respectively, Savannah River Ecol. Lab., Aiken, S.C.

Received for publication April 19, 1980.

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