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Phosphorus Adsorption-Desorption Characteristics of Two Soils Utilized for Disposal of Animal Wastes¹

ABSTRACT

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of animal waste loading rates on P adsorption-desorption characteristics of two soils. In a laboratory incubation study, Norfolk soil was treated with beef, poultry, or swine wastes; and allowed to decompose under optimum moisture conditions for a period of 30 days. Phosphorus adsorption-desorption characteristics of the soil were measured at the end of the incubation period. Application of beef, poultry, and swine wastes to a Norfolk soil decreased adsorption capacity of the soil and increased soluble P (in 0.01M CaCl²), acid-extractable P (0.05N HCl + 0.025N H₂SO₄), equilibrium P concentration (EPC), and P desorption (after four 1-hour extractions).

In a field study, increased rates of swine lagoon effluent application over a period of 5 years to a Norfolk soil (Site 1) and for 3 years to a Cecil soil (Site 2) also increased soluble P (in 0.01M CaCl₂), acid extractable P, P desorbed, and EPC values, and decreased the adsorption capacity. At high loading rates of swine lagoon effluent, soluble P movement occurred to a depth of 75 and 30 cm at Site 1 and 2, respectively. Phosphorus adsorption increased with depth, and EPC values decreased with increasing depths of soil profile. A significant relationship was observed between EPC values, and soluble and acid extractable P.

Key Words: equilibrium P concentration • loading rate • swing lagoon effluent • beef waste • poultry waste • swine waste • P migration

¹ Contribution from the Dep. of Biolog. and Agric. Eng., and North Carolina Agric. Exp. Stn., Raleigh, NC 27607, as Journal Article no. 5833. The use of trade names in this publication does not imply endorsement by the North Carolina Agric. Exp. Stn. of the products named, nor criticism of similar ones not mentioned. This research was supported in part by the U.S. Environ. Prot. Agency on a grant, no. R-805011-01-0.

² Assistant Research Scientist, Univ. of Florida, Agric. Res. and Educ. Center, Sanford, FL 32771; and Associate Professor, Research Associate, and Assistant Professor, Dep. of Biolog. and Agric. Eng., North Carolina State Univ., Raleigh, respectively.

Received for publication October 16, 1978.

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