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Trifluralin Movement in Runoff from a Small Agricultural Watershed^1,2,

ABSTRACT

Little trifluralin (,,-trifluoro-2,6.dinitro-N,N-dipropyl-p-toluidine) moved in the surface flow from a small agricultural watershed located in the Southeastern Coastal Plain. Movement of trifluralin in 1974 and 1975 in surface water was 0.17 and 0.03%, respectively, of the total amount applied (1.12 kg/ha). Trifluralin movement in the shallow subsurface flow (above the 214 cm depth) was recorded only in 1974 and was negligible. Trifluralin was detectable in the soil from the 1974 application before the 1975 application. Soil concentration of trifluralin in 1974 was 320 ng/g (immediately after application) in the 0- to 10-cm depth and after 114 days the concentration decreased to 73 ng/g. However, no trifluralin was detected in the 30- to 60-cm depth 60 days after application. Simulated surface runoff from subplots on the watershed produced measurable concentrations of trifluralin 38 days after application, but it could not be detected after 71 days. Trifluralin movement was greater in runoff caused by simulated rainfall than that from natural rainfall due to the high application rate of water (19.1 cm/hour) and the lack of a vegetational buffer. Trifluralin loss in the simulated rainfall runoff water from a small plot directed through a 24.4-m waterway was reduced 96% under dry and 86% under wet conditions. Hence, trifluralin movement can be significantly reduced and possibly managed by buffer strips or vegetated waterways adjoining cropped areas. Appropriate use of these buffer areas should reduce to acceptable levels the chemical concentration in the runoff before the runoff reaches the surrounding streams.

Key Words: pesticides • herbicide • water pollution • dissipation • soil leaching • Coastal Plain • watershed

¹ Contribution from USDA-SEA, AR, Tifton, GA 31794, in cooperation with the Univ. of Georgia College of Agric. Exp. Stn., and Middle South Georgia Soil Conserv. Distr.

² This paper reports the results of research only. Mention of a pesticide in this paper does not constitute a recommendation for use by the USDA or the Univ. of Georgia nor does it imply registration under FIFRA.

Mention of a trademark or proprietary product does not constitute a guarantee or warranty of the product by the USDA and does not imply its approval to the exclusion of other products that may also be suitable.

³ Research Chemist and Geologist, Southeast Watershed Research Program, USDA-SEA, AR; Research Agronomist, Nematode and Weeds Research Unit, USDA-SEA, AR; Engineering Technician, Tifton, GA.

⁴ Research Chemist, U.S. Delta States Agric. Res. Center, USDA-SEA, AR, Stoneville, Miss.

Received for publication January 22, 1979.

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