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Sand Filtration of Poultry-Processing Lagoon Effluent¹

ABSTRACT

About 100 poultry processing plants in the United States have private waste treatment systems—predominantly stabilization ponds or lagoons. To meet the proposed USEPA regulations for waste discharges, the effluent from many of these systems must be improved. Pilot-scale, gravity-flow sand filters were tested as a means of further treating poultry processing lagoon effluent. Waste water application rates ranged from 0.23 o 1.40 m³/m² per day. Average BOD₅ reductions varied from 57 to 27% and average suspended solids were reduced from 52 to 37%. Effluents from the 0.23- and 0.47-m³/m² per day filters were in compliance with proposed 1983 EPA regulations for BOD₅ and suspended solids during the summer and fall months. Filters with waste water applied at rates of 0.23, 0.47, and 0.94 m³/m² per day performed for over 1 year without being cleaned.

Key Words: BOD₅ • suspended solids • ammonia-N • gravity-flow

¹ Contribution from the USDA-SEA Environ. Eng. Lab., Richard B. Russell Agric. Res. Center, P.O. Box 5677, Athens, Ga 30604.

² Research Agricultural Engineer.

Received for publication October 30, 1978.