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Runoff Water Quality as Affected by Surface-applied Dairy Cattle Manure¹

ABSTRACT

The effect of dairy cattle manure on runoff water quality was determined. The manure was surface-applied to Coastal bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon [L.] Pers.) on a Norfolk sandy loam with < 2% slope, at the rate of 45 metric tons/ha per year for 4 years in split applications. Manure applications slightly increased biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) values of runoff water; the maximum value was < 20 mg/liter and annual mean values were all < 10 mg/liter with no BOD buildup in the runoff water over the 4-year period. Nitrate levels in runoff water were increased by the manure, but all annual mean values were below critical levels at < 8 mg NO₃-N/liter. During the first 2 years, about 30 kg/ha total N was lost in runoff, but < 6 kg N/ha was lost during the third and fourth years.

Key Words: pollution • Coastal bermudagrass • BOD • COD • nitrate

¹ Contribution from USDA-SEA, Agric. Res. in cooperation with Dep. of Agron. and Soils and Dep. of Agric. Eng., Auburn Univ. Agric. Exp. Stn., Auburn.

² Soil Scientist, USDA, Auburn, AL 36830.

Received for publication October 24, 1978.