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Behavior of Anionic Surfactants in a Soil-Sewage Effluent System¹

ABSTRACT

The adsorption of three anionic surfactants (sodium lauryl sulfate—NaLS, dodecyl benzene sulfonate sodium salt—DDBS, and linear alkyl aryl sulfonate—LAS) from water and sewage effluent was tested on a sandy regosol and a clay grumusol. The methylene blue active substances (MBAS) method was used to follow up the anionic surfactants concentration. When the surfactants were applied to the soil in aqueous solutions, the affinity of the soil for surfactants increased in the order DDBS < LAS < NaLS. The microbial attack during the adsorption process from the sewage effluent confounded the results, giving an apparent higher soil adsorption capacity. In both cases, the adsorption isotherms were linear in the range of concentrations tested, the accumulation being affected by the type of soil. The NaLS adsorbed on the soil could not be released when it was applied either from the water or the sewage effluent. The DDBS and LAS were released at different ratios and the desorption rate was dependent on its initial concentration.

Key Words: methylene blue active substances • soil-accumulation • soil-release • biodegradation

¹ Contribution from the Agric. Res. Organ., Inst. of Soils and Water, The Volcani Center, P. O. B. 6, Bet Dagan, Israel. 1976 Series, no. 286-E.

² Senior Scientist and Head, respectively, Div. of Soil Residues Chem.

Received for publication December 6, 1976.