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ABSTRACT
A regional survey of sewage sludge composition was conducted by obtaining data for 30 constituents in > 250 sewage sludge samples from approximately 150 treatment plants located in 6 states in the north-central region and 2 in the eastern region. Computation of the mean and median values indicated that N, P, and K levels were within a relatively narrow range, whereas these statistics demonstrated that Pb, Zn, Cu, Ni, and Cd concentrations were extremely variable. Median concentrations for anaerobically digested sewage sludges were as follows: N, 4.2; P, 3.0; K, 0.3%; Pb, 540; Zn, 1,890; Cu, 1,000; Ni, 85; and Cd, 16 mg/kg, and for aerobically treated sludges: N, 4.8; P, 2.7; K, 0.4%; Pb, 300; Zn, 1,800; Cu, 970; Ni, 31; and Cd, 16 mg/kg. Based on population and sludge production estimates, < 1% of the agricultural land would be required for application of sewage sludge at a rate of 100 kg available N per ha in most of the states considered. The heterogeneous nature of sewage sludges produced by different cities and the presence of potentially harmful trace metals necessitates a knowledge of the chemical composition of each individual sewage sludge prior to land application.
Key Words: heavy metals • nitrogen • potassium • phosphorus • waste disposal • sludge digestion
1 Contribution of the Purdue Univ. Agric. Exp. Stn. J. Pap. No. 6420.
2 Associate Professor of Agronomy, Dep. of Agronomy, Purdue Univ., W. Lafayette, IN 47907.
Received for publication August 30, 1976.
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