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Characterization of an Agent in Aqueous Extracts of Beef Cattle Manure that Inhibits the Germination of Barley Seeds¹

ABSTRACT

Aqueous extracts of fresh beef cattle manure and of manure from the surface of a feedlot inhibited the germination of Galt barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) seeds in petri dish germination trials. Neither the polysaccharide nor protein fractions of fresh manure extract inhibited germination. Germination was inhibited similarly by a 1,000-ppm solution of bile salts or by fresh manure extract. It is concluded that the major toxic principle in aqueous manure extracts that inhibits the germination of barley seeds consists of bile salts at concentrations in excess of 200 ppm.

Key Words: bile salts • phytotoxin • toxic agent

¹ Contribution of Research Station, Agriculture Canada, Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada T1J 4B1.

² Research Scientist.

Received for publication June 8, 1976.

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