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Composition and Reactions of Liquid Manure (Gülle), with Particular Reference to Phosphate: II. Solid Phase Components¹

ABSTRACT

Several components were detected in the solid phase of gülle samples. Struvite (NH₄MgPO₄·6H₂O) was isolated from one sample and identified by X-ray diffraction. Its presence was confirmed in this and other samples by solubility studies, which also showed the existence of trimagnesium phosphate (Mg₃(PO₄)₂·8H₂O), octacalcium phosphate (Ca₄H(PO₄)₃·3H₂O), dicalcium phosphate (CaHPO₄·2H₂O), and possibly NH₄CaPO₄·H₂O. More evidence for struvite, trimagnesium phosphate, and octacalcium phosphate, as well as estimates of their content in samples, was obtained from measurements of solution composition during acid titration of gülle suspensions. Organic phosphate contents of the solid phase could be calculated from these measurements, which also showed the existence of appreciable quantities of solid ammonium and calcium organic salts.

Gülle systems were found to be in a sensitively balanced dynamic state which would respond rapidly to relatively minor changes of chemical, physical, and biological conditions.

Key Words: cattle manure • struvite • trimagnesium phosphate • calcium phosphates • solubility

¹ Contribution from Institut für Bodenkunde, Technische Universität München, 8050 Freising-Weihenstephan, West Germany.

² Senior Research Scientist, Division of Soils, CSIRO, Private Bag No. 2, Glen Osmond, South Australia 5064 and Professor of Soils, Institut für Bodenkunde, Technische Universität München.

Received for publication August 13, 1975.

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