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Persistence of Propanil, DCA, and TCAB in Soil and Water Under Flooded Rice Culture¹

ABSTRACT

Field experiments were conducted to determine the residue levels of propanil (3',4'-dichloropropionanilide), DCA (3,4-dichloroaniline), and TCAB (3,3',4,4'-tetrachloroazobenzene) in the flood water and Beaumont clay soil under normal rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivation. Propanil applied as a foliar spray at 3.4 and 6.8 kg/ha 24 hours before flooding was dissipated from the flood water within 24 hours following the flood. The amount of propanil dissipated corresponded to the DCA concentration in the flood water at 24 hours, indicative of biological degradation of propanil to DCA. TCAB was never detected in other than trace quantities. Neither propanil nor its metabolites were detected in soil samples collected at 2.5–5.0 cm and 17.5–20.0 cm below the surface 24 hours following the application of the flood water.

Key Words: pesticides • pollution • herbicide • irrigation return flow

¹ Contribution by the Texas Agric. Exp. Stn., College Station, TX 77843. This research was funded in part by Grant no. S802008 of the Environ. Prot. Agency. The contents do not necessarily reflect the views and policies of the Environ. Prot. Agency, nor does mention of trade names or commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation for use.

² Research Scientist, Associate Professor, Assistant Professor, Associate Professor and Extension Agric. Chemist, respectively. F. C. Turner is located at Beaumont, TX, the other authors at College Station, TX. D. G. Westfall is currently Senior Plant Nutritionist, Great Western Sugar Co., Agric. Res. Center, Longmont, CO.

Received for publication May 3, 1976.