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Influence of Environmental Parameters on EDTA Biodegradation in Soils and Sediments¹

ABSTRACT

¹⁴C-EDTA (ethylenediaminetraacetate) was slowly degraded ¹⁴CO₂ by all soils tested from the major agricultural EDTA use areas; by soils varying in uses, pH, and texture; and by sediments from the Detroit River. EDTA degradation appears to be a result of cometabolism by established microbial populations. Production of ¹⁴CO₂ from EDTA occurred under aerobic but not anaerobic conditions. No detectable quantities of intermediates accumulated under either condition. EDTA degradation followed first-order kinetics for concentrations ranging from 0.4 to 90 ppm. Degradation was observed up to 1,000 ppm EDTA, the highest concentration tested. The date of sample collection had a marked effect on extent of degradation with the winter-collected samples showing greater than twice the degradation of summer-collected samples. The Q₁₀ was two up to 30C. Initially degradation at 50C was limited, but after 9 weeks incubation the rate accelerated indicating the adaptation of thermo-tolerant EDTA-degrading populations. The extent of degradation among soils was variable; common values for 2 to 4 ppm of added ¹⁴C-EDTA mineralized were 13 to 45% after 15 weeks and 65 to 70% after 45 weeks.

Key Words: chelation • microbial • cometabolism

¹ Contribution from the Dep. of Crop and Soil Sci. and of Microbiol. and Public Health, Michigan State Univ., East Lansing, MI 48824. Published as J. Article No. 7331 of the Mich. Agric. Exp. Stn. Supported under a contract with Dow Chemical Co.

² Associate Professor of Soil Microbiology.

Received for publication December 29, 1975.

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