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The Fate of Disulfoton in Portneuf Silt Loam Soil¹

ABSTRACT

The formation of metabolites of disulfoton (O,O-diethyl S-[2-(ethylthio) ethyl] phosphorodithioate) was followed in a Portneuf silt loam soil. The insecticide oxidized to its sulfoxide and sulfone but none of its oxygen analogs were detected. The disulfoton and disolfoton sulfoxide degraded in 32 days or less while the disulfoton sulfone persisted for more than 64 days.

The influences of soil moisture content, temperature, and disulfoton concentration were found to be interrelated in their effects on the rate of disulfoton dissipation and sulfone formation. In general, the most rapid degradation of disulfoton on a percentage basis occurred at lower initial concentrations of disulfoton, irrespective of the moisture content of the soil and the temperature, and the slowest degradation occurred at higher initial levels of disulfoton in association with higher moisture levels and high or low temperatures. The conditions for the greatest percent conversion of disulfoton to its sulfone generally coincided with the conditions of the most rapid dissipation of the disulfoton.

Key Words: organophosphorus insecticides • Di-Syston • insecticide degradation in soil

¹ Contribution from the Dep. of Plant and Soil Sci., Univ. of Idaho, Moscow, ID 83843. Idaho Agric. Exp. Sta. Res. Pap. No. 74732.

² Former Graduate Assistant, Associate Professor of Soils, and Professor of Soils, Univ. of Idaho. The senior author is now with the Idaho Dep. of Water Resour., Statehouse, Boise, Idaho.

Received for publication November 11, 1974.