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Uptake of Cadmium by Soybeans as Influenced by Soil Cation Exchange Capacity, pH, and Available Phosphorus¹

ABSTRACT

The accumulation of cadmium (Cd) and its affect on vegetative growth of soybeans (Glycine max [L.] Merr. var. Amsoy) in soils with a range in cation exchange capacity (CEC), pH, and available phosphorus (P) were investigated in greenhouse experiments. Cadmium uptake decreased as soil pH and CEC increased, while increasing available soil P was related to increased Cd accumulation. Cadmium extracted from the soil by Bray P₁ reagent, Bray P₂ reagent, 2N MgCl₂, and 0.1N EDTA was significantly correlated with plant Cd concentrations. The growth of the soybean shoots was generally depressed when tissue concentrations reached 3–5 µg Cd/g dry weight. Cadmium uptake by soybeans was correlated with the ratio of added Cd to the Cd sorptive capacity of soil.

Key Words: soil extractants • cadmium sorption • heavy metal pollution

¹ Contribution from Dep. of Agronomy and Inst. for Environ. Studies, Univ. of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801. Research support from NSF-RANN GI-31605 and the Ill. Agric. Exp. Sta. is gratefully acknowledged.

² Former Postdoctoral Associate, Assistant Professor, and Associate Professor, Agronomy Dep., Univ. of Ill., Urbana-Champaign, respectively. Senior author is now Assistant Ecologist, Argonne Nat. Lab., Argonne, Ill.

Received for publication May 22, 1975.

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