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TECHNICAL REPORTS

Ground Water Quality

Hydrogeological Study of an Anti-Tank Range

^a INRS-Eau, Terre et Environnement, Univ. of Québec, 490 rue de la couronne, Québec, QC, G1K 9A9, Canada
^b Defense Research and Development Canada– Valcartier, 2459 Pie XI Blvd North, Val-Bélair, Québec, G3J 1X5, Canada
^c Golder Associates, 9200, de l'Acadie, Montréal, Québec, H4N 2T2, Canada

^* Corresponding author (Richard_Martel{at}ete.inrs.ca).

Received for publication November 14, 2007. The Arnhem Anti-Tank Range (Canadian Forces Base [CFB] Valcartier, Canada, in operation since the 1970s) has been characterized, including the drilling, installation, and characterization of 25 wells and a ground-penetrating radar survey. The observed particular features of this site include highly variable flow velocities (from < 3 to 1200 m/yr) and transient flow regime in the regional aquifer below the contaminant source zone of the impact area, sharp flow direction shifts, discontinuous stratigraphy and a local perched aquifer. A transient ground water flow model permitted us to understand how the complex hydrogeological setting shapes contaminant transport in the regional aquifer. The model explains the highly variable energetic material (EM) concentrations measured in the plume with peaks associated to spring and to a lesser extent to fall recharge events. As a conclusion from this work, the authors suggest that the characterization of contaminant sources on slopes should extend over all seasons to be sure to detect potential transient flow conditions and variable contaminant concentrations.

Abbreviations: CFB, Canadian Forces Base • CPTu/SMR, cone penetration testing with pressure measurement/soil moisture resistivity • EM, energetic materials • GPR, ground-penetrating radar • GSC, Geological Survey of Canada • Gx, ice-contact sediments • HMX, Octahydro-1,3,5,7-Tetranitro-1,3,5,7-Tetrazocine • Md, deltaic silty sand • Mi, intertidal silt • PET, potential evapotranspiration • RDX, 1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine • TNT, 2,4,6-Trinitrotoluene • TOC, total organic carbon • UXO, unexploded ordnance