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TECHNICAL REPORTS

Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Two Soils Receiving Nitrogen Fertilizer and Swine Manure Slurry

^a AgCert USA, National Soil Tilth Lab., 2110 University Ave., Ames, IA 50011
^b National Soil Tilth Lab., 2110 University Ave., Ames, IA 50011
^c AgCert USA, 1990 W. New Haven Ave., Suite 205, Melbourne, FL 32904
^d AgCert Canada Co., 309 1st Street W., High River, AB T1V 1M5, Canada

^* Corresponding author (marek.jarecki{at}ars.usda.gov).

Received for publication August 13, 2007. The interactive effects of soil texture and type of N fertility (i.e., manure vs. commercial N fertilizer) on N₂O and CH₄ emissions have not been well established. This study was conducted to assess the impact of soil type and N fertility on greenhouse gas fluxes (N₂O, CH₄, and CO₂) from the soil surface. The soils used were a sandy loam (789 g kg^–1 sand and 138 g kg^–1 clay) and a clay soil (216 g kg^–1 sand, and 415 g kg^–1 clay). Chamber experiments were conducted using plastic buckets as the experimental units. The treatments applied to each soil type were: (i) control (no added N), (ii) urea-ammonium nitrate (UAN), and (iii) liquid swine manure slurry. Greenhouse gas fluxes were measured over 8 weeks. Within the UAN and swine manure treatments both N₂O and CH₄ emissions were greater in the sandy loam than in the clay soil. In the sandy loam soil N₂O emissions were significantly different among all N treatments, but in the clay soil only the manure treatment had significantly higher N₂O emissions. It is thought that the major differences between the two soils controlling both N₂O and CH₄ emissions were cation exchange capacity (CEC) and percent water-filled pore space (%WFPS). We speculate that the higher CEC in the clay soil reduced N availability through increased adsorption of NH₄⁺ compared to the sandy loam soil. In addition the higher average %WFPS in the sandy loam may have favored higher denitrification and CH₄ production than in the clay soil.

Abbreviations: CEC, cation exchange capacity • GHG, greenhouse gas • IPCC, Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change • SOC, soil organic carbon • UAN, urea ammonium nitrate • %WFPS, percent water-filled pore space