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TECHNICAL REPORTS

Waste Management

Sorption of Inorganic and Total Phosphorus from Dairy and Swine Slurries to Soil

^a USDA-ARS Pasture Systems & Watershed Management Research Unit, Bldg. 3702 Curtin Rd., University Park, PA 16802-3702
^b Department of Soil Science, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1525 Observatory Dr., Madison, WI 53706-1299

^* Corresponding author (laboski{at}wisc.edu)

Received for publication July 20, 2005. Understanding P sorption from animal manures is essential to formulate best management practices with regard to land application of manure from the standpoint of crop production and environmental quality. Little research has focused on the construction of P sorption isotherms where the P source is manure. The objectives of this study were to: (i) develop a procedure to characterize how inorganic P (P_i) and total P (P_t) from dairy slurry and swine slurry sorbs to soil; and (ii) compare the sorption characteristics of P_i and P_t where the P source was dairy slurry, swine slurry, or potassium phosphate (KH₂PO₄). Sorption solutions were prepared in 0.1 M KCl at pH 6 and equilibrated with soils at a 1:25 (w/v) soil/solution ratio for 24 h. Inorganic P, P_t, Al, and Fe in the equilibrated solutions were measured. For all soils, P_i and P_t sorption capacity of dairy slurry was greater than KH₂PO₄. Total P sorption capacity of swine slurry was greater than KH₂PO₄, while P_i sorption capacity was less than KH₂PO₄. Overall, P_i and P_t sorption strengths of the manure slurries were less than or equal to KH₂PO₄. Increased P_i sorption from dairy slurry was correlated with Fe and Al desorption. Reduction of P_i sorption capacity from swine slurry was related to preferential sorption of organic P. Additional studies need to be conducted to determine how differences in P sorption between manures and fertilizer impact in-field P availability to a crop and potential for losses in runoff water.

Abbreviations: IHP, inositol hexaphosphate • KH₂PO₄, potassium phosphate • P_i, inorganic P • P_t, total P • P_o, organic P