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TECHNICAL REPORTS

Plant and Environment Interactions

Leaching and Crop Uptake of Nitrogen and Phosphorus from Pig Slurry as Affected by Different Application Rates

Department of Soil Science, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, P.O. Box 7014, SE-75007 Uppsala, Sweden

^* Corresponding author (lars.bergstrom{at}mv.slu.se)

Received for publication January 2, 2006. The influence of increasing pig slurry applications on leaching and crop uptake of N and P by cereals was evaluated in a 3-yr study of lysimeters filled with a sandy soil. The slurry was applied at N rates of 50 (S50), 100 (S100), 150 (S150), and 200 (S200) kg ha^–1 during 2 of the 3 yr. The P rates applied with slurry were: 40 (S50), 80 (S100), 120 (S150), and 160 (S200) kg ha^–1 yr^–1. Simultaneously, NH₄NO₃ and Ca(H₂PO₄)₂ were applied at rates of 100 kg N ha^–1 and 50 kg P ha^–1, respectively, to additional lysimeters (F100), while others were left unfertilized (F0). During the 3-yr period, the leaching load of total N tended to increase with increasing slurry application to, on average, 139 kg ha^–1 at the highest application rate (S200). The corresponding N leaching loads (kg ha^–1) in the other treatments were: 75 (F0), 103 (F100), 93 (S50), 120 (S100), and 128 (S150). The loads of slurry-derived N in the S100, S150, and S200 treatments were significantly larger (P < 0.05) than those of fertilizer-derived N. In contrast, P leaching tended to decrease with increasing input of slurry, and it was lower in all treatments that received P at or above 50 kg P ha^–1 yr^–1 with slurry or fertilizer than in the unfertilized treatment. The crop use efficiency of added N and P was clearly higher when NH₄NO₃ and Ca(H₂PO₄)₂ were used rather than slurry (60 vs. 35% for N, 38 vs. 6–9% for P), irrespective of slurry application rate. Therefore, from both a production and water quality point of view, inorganic fertilizers seem to have environmental benefits over pig slurry when used on sandy soils.

Abbreviations: a.u., animal units • DM, dry matter • EU, European Union • PVC, polyvinyl chloride

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