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Instrumentation for Measuring Runoff, Sediment, and Chemical Losses from Agricultural Fields

^a Department of Soil Science, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1525 Observatory Drive, Madison, WI 53706; D.C
^b Biosystems Engineering and Soil Science; University of Tennessee, 2506 E.J. Chapman Drive, Knoxville, TN 37996-4531
^c Cooperative Institute for Meteorological Satellite Studies, Space Science and Engineering Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1225 W. Dayton Street, Madison, WI 53706
^d Biological Systems Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 460 Henry Mall, Madison, WI 53706

^* Corresponding author (cabonilla{at}wisc.edu)

Received for publication April 19, 2005. This work describes a simple, passive sampling system for measuring runoff, sediment, and chemical losses from typical agricultural fields. The sampler consists of a 5 to 7 m wide runoff collector connected to a series of multislot divisors. These divisors split the flow into aliquots, providing a continuous sampling during the runoff event. Divisors were located in a wooden box below ground level. With an adequate pump, this system can operate in fields with a slope gradient as low as 2%, and can stay in the field during winter to record first snowmelt-generated runoff. A radio transmitter reports by telemetry the occurrence and magnitude of any runoff event, and indicates when the system should be sampled and emptied. This article includes a description of the equipment, advantages, and disadvantages based on 2 yr of operation, and examples of data collected.