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a Department of Poultry Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695
b School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Kennett Square, PA 19348
c Department of Plant and Soil Science, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716
d Department of Agronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907
* Corresponding author (rory_maguire{at}ncsu.edu)
Received for publication October 29, 2004. Cost effective feeding strategies are essential to deal with P surpluses associated with intensive animal agriculture and the consequent impact on water quality. Reduction of P overfeeding, use of feed additives to enhance dietary P utilization, and development of high available phosphorus (HAP) grains have all been shown to decrease fecal P excretion without impairing animal performance. Much progress has been made, but more research will be needed to refine these strategies to maximize reductions in P excretion while maintaining animal performance. Recent research has focused on the impact of modifying dietary P on the forms of P excreted and the mobility of P in soils amended with these manures, with strong treatment trends becoming evident in the literature. In general, dietary strategies have been developed that can effectively reduce the total P concentration in manures produced, and combining strategies usually leads to greater reductions than individual practices. However, the impact of different approaches on the solubility of P in manures and amended soils has been more variable. Soluble P remains of particular concern due to links between solubility of P in manure and P losses from manure-amended soils. In this paper, we outline the major strategies for reducing dietary P in different species, review the literature on the impact of these approaches on P forms in manures and amended soils, and discuss the potential beneficial effects on animal agriculture and the environment.
Abbreviations: DRP, dissolved reactive phosphorus • HAP, high available phosphorus • NPP, non-phytate phosphorus • WSP, water-soluble phosphorus
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