HOME HELP FEEDBACK SUBSCRIPTIONS ARCHIVE SEARCH TABLE OF CONTENTS		QUICK SEARCH:   [advanced] Author: Keyword(s): Year:  Vol:  Page:

This Article Figures Only Full Text Free Full Text (PDF) Free Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Services Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in ISI Web of Science Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via ISI Web of Science (16) Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by McGrath, J. M. Articles by Turner, B. L. Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by McGrath, J. M. Articles by Turner, B. L. Agricola Articles by McGrath, J. M. Articles by Turner, B. L. Related Collections Animal Waste Nutrients Runoff Nutrient Management Water Pollution

TECHNICAL REPORTS

Waste Management

Broiler Diet Modification and Litter Storage

Impacts on Phosphorus in Litters, Soils, and Runoff

^a Department of Crop and Soil Environmental Sciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061
^b Department of Animal and Food Science, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716
^c Department of Soil Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695
^d Department of Animal and Avian Science, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742
^e Smithsonian Tropical Research Unit, Apartado 0843-03092, Balboa, Ancon, Republic of Panama

^* Corresponding author (jmcgrath{at}jhu.edu)

Received for publication October 29, 2004. Modifying broiler diets to mitigate water quality concerns linked to excess phosphorus (P) in regions of intensive broiler production has recently increased. Our goals were to evaluate the effects of dietary modification, using phytase and reduced non-phytate phosphorus (NPP) supplementation, on P speciation in broiler litters, changes in litter P forms during long-term storage, and subsequent impacts of diets on P in runoff from litter-amended soils. Four diets containing two levels of NPP with and without phytase were fed to broilers in a three-flock floor pen study. After removal of the third flock, litters were stored for 440 d at their initial moisture content (MC; 24%) and at a MC of 40%. Litter P fractions and orthophosphate and phytate P concentrations were determined before and after storage. After storage, litters were incorporated with a sandy and silt loam and simulated rainfall was applied. Phytase and reduced dietary NPP significantly reduced litter total P. Reducing dietary NPP decreased water-extractable inorganic phosphorus (IP) and the addition of dietary phytase reduced NaOH- and HCl-extractable organic P in litter, which correlated well with orthophosphate and phytic acid measured by ³¹P nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), respectively. Although dry storage caused little change in P speciation, wet storage increased concentrations of water-soluble IP, which increased reactive P in runoff from litter-amended soils. Therefore, diet modification with phytase and reduced NPP could be effective in reducing P additions on a watershed scale. Moreover, efforts to minimize litter MC during storage may reduce the potential for dissolved P losses in runoff.

Abbreviations: DRP, dissolved reactive phosphorus • ICP–OES, inductively coupled plasma–optical emission spectroscopy • IP, inorganic phosphorus • M3-Al, M3-Fe, and M3-P, Mehlich 3–extractable aluminum, iron, and phosphorus, respectively • MC, moisture content • NMR, nuclear magnetic resonance • NPP, non-phytate phosphorus • NRC, National Research Council • OP, organic phosphorus • TDP, total dissolved phosphorus • UMD, University of Maryland • WSP, water-soluble phosphorus

This article has been cited by other articles:

				S. Hunger, J. T. Sims, and D. L. Sparks Evidence for Struvite in Poultry Litter: Effect of Storage and Drying J. Environ. Qual., June 23, 2008; 37(4): 1617 - 1625. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				R. W. McDowell, Z. Dou, J. D. Toth, B. J. Cade-Menun, P. J. A. Kleinman, K. Soder, and L. Saporito A Comparison of Phosphorus Speciation and Potential Bioavailability in Feed and Feces of Different Dairy Herds Using 31P Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy J. Environ. Qual., May 1, 2008; 37(3): 741 - 752. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. G. Warren, C. J. Penn, J. M. McGrath, and K. Sistani The Impact of Alum Addition on Organic P Transformations in Poultry Litter and Litter-Amended Soil J. Environ. Qual., March 1, 2008; 37(2): 469 - 476. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				A. B. Leytem, P. Kwanyuen, P. W. Plumstead, R. O. Maguire, and J. Brake Evaluation of Phosphorus Characterization in Broiler Ileal Digesta, Manure, and Litter Samples: 31P-NMR vs. HPLC J. Environ. Qual., March 1, 2008; 37(2): 494 - 500. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				K. Gungor, A. Jurgensen, and K. G. Karthikeyan Determination of Phosphorus Speciation in Dairy Manure using XRD and XANES Spectroscopy J. Environ. Qual., October 24, 2007; 36(6): 1856 - 1863. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				Z. He, B. J. Cade-Menun, G. S. Toor, A.-M. Fortuna, C. W. Honeycutt, and J. T. Sims Comparison of Phosphorus Forms in Wet and Dried Animal Manures by Solution Phosphorus-31 Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy and Enzymatic Hydrolysis J. Environ. Qual., May 25, 2007; 36(4): 1086 - 1095. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				A. L. Shober and J. T. Sims Integrating Phosphorus Source and Soil Properties into Risk Assessments for Phosphorus Loss Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J., March 12, 2007; 71(2): 551 - 560. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				P. W. Plumstead, H. Romero-Sanchez, R. O. Maguire, A. G. Gernat, and J. Brake Effects of Phosphorus Level and Phytase in Broiler Breeder Rearing and Laying Diets on Live Performance and Phosphorus Excretion Poult. Sci., February 1, 2007; 86(2): 225 - 231. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				A. B. Leytem, P. W. Plumstead, R. O. Maguire, P. Kwanyuen, and J. Brake What Aspect of Dietary Modification in Broilers Controls Litter Water-Soluble Phosphorus: Dietary Phosphorus, Phytase, or Calcium? J. Environ. Qual., January 25, 2007; 36(2): 453 - 463. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				P. A. Vadas, W. J. Gburek, A. N. Sharpley, P. J. A. Kleinman, P. A. Moore Jr., M. L. Cabrera, and R. D. Harmel A Model for Phosphorus Transformation and Runoff Loss for Surface-Applied Manures J. Environ. Qual., January 9, 2007; 36(1): 324 - 332. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				P. Catala-Gregori, V. Garcia, F. Hernandez, J. Madrid, and J. J. Ceron Response of broilers to feeding low-calcium and phosphorus diets plus phytase under different environmental conditions: body weight and tibiotarsus mineralization. Poult. Sci., November 1, 2006; 85(11): 1923 - 1931. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				A. L. Shober, D. L. Hesterberg, J. T. Sims, and S. Gardner Characterization of Phosphorus Species in Biosolids and Manures Using XANES Spectroscopy J. Environ. Qual., October 27, 2006; 35(6): 1983 - 1993. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				P. A. Vadas and P. J. A. Kleinman Effect of Methodology in Estimating and Interpreting Water-Extractable Phosphorus in Animal Manures J. Environ. Qual., May 31, 2006; 35(4): 1151 - 1159. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				R. O. Maguire, P. W. Plumstead, and J. Brake Impact of Diet, Moisture, Location, and Storage on Soluble Phosphorus in Broiler Breeder Manure J. Environ. Qual., April 3, 2006; 35(3): 858 - 865. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]