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TECHNICAL REPORTS

Waste Management

Phosphorus Leaching in Manure-Amended Atlantic Coastal Plain Soils

Department of Natural Resource Sciences and Landscape Architecture, 0214 H.J. Patterson Hall, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742

^* Corresponding author (fjcoale{at}umd.edu)

Received for publication August 29, 2003. Targeting the sources of phosphorus (P) and transport pathways of drainage from agricultural land will assist in the reduction of P loading to surface waters. Our research investigated the vertical movement of P from dairy manure and broiler litter through four Atlantic Coastal Plain soils. A randomized split-plot design with two main-plot tillage treatments (no tillage [NT] and chisel tillage [CH]) and five manure P rate split-plot treatments was used at each location. The split-plot P rates were 0, 100, 200, 300, and 400 kg P ha^–1 yr^–1. Four consecutive years of manure application began at all sites 5 yr before sampling. Soils were sampled to a depth of 150 cm from each split plot in seven depth increments and analyzed for soil test phosphorus (STP), water-extractable soil phosphorus (WSP), and degree of phosphorus saturation (DPS). The DPS of the 0- to 15-cm depths confirmed that at the 100 kg P ha^–1 yr^–1 application rate, all sites exceeded the threshold for P saturation (30%). At depths greater than 30 cm, DPS was typically below the 30% saturation threshold. The DPS change points ranged from 25 to 34% for the 0- to 90-cm depths. Our research concluded that the risk of P leaching through the matrix of the Atlantic Coastal Plain soils studied was not high; however, P leaching via macropore bypass may contribute to P loss from these soils.

Abbreviations: Al_ox, oxalate-extractable aluminum • BL, broiler litter • CH, chisel tillage • DM, dairy manure • DPS, degree of phosphorus saturation • Fe_ox, oxalate-extractable iron • NT, no tillage • OM, organic matter • P_ox, oxalate-extractable phosphorus • PSC, phosphorus sorption capacity • STP, soil test phosphorus • WSP, water-extractable soil phosphorus

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