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TECHNICAL REPORT

Waste Management

Chemical and Carbon-13 Cross-Polarization Magic-Angle Spinning Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Characterization of Logyard Fines from British Columbia

^a Pacific Forestry Centre, Natural Resources Canada, 506 West Burnside Road, Victoria, BC, Canada V8Z 1M5
^b Forest Engineering Research Institute of Canada, 2601 East Mall, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T 1Z4

^* Corresponding author (cpreston{at}pfc.cfs.nrcan.gc.ca).

Received for publication May 14, 2003. Phasing out beehive burners and rising costs for landfilling have increased the need to widen options for utilization of the smaller size fractions of woody wastes generated during log handling and sawmilling in British Columbia. We characterized several size classes of logyard fines up to 16 mm sampled from coastal and interior operations. Total C, total N, ash, and condensed tannin concentrations were consistent with properties derived largely from wood, with varying proportions of bark and mixing with mineral soil. Especially for <3-mm fractions, the latter resulted in high ash contents that would make them unsuitable for fuel. Solid-state ¹³C cross-polarization magic-angle spinning (CPMAS) nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra were consistent with the chemical data, with high O-alkyl intensity and similarity to naturally occurring woody forest floor; no samples were high in aromatic or phenolic C. Aqueous extracts of two <16-mm fines, which accounted for only a small proportion of the total C, were enriched in alkyl C and had low or undetectable tannins. Application to forest sites might cause short-term immobilization of N, but also might include possible longer-term benefits from reduction of N loss after harvesting and restoration of soil organic matter in degraded sites.

Abbreviations: C–DOC, combined colloidal and dissolved organic carbon fraction • CP, cross-polarization • CS, clean, sorted • CU, clean, unsorted • CT, condensed tannins • DD, dipolar-dephasing • DOC, dissolved organic carbon • DS, dirty, sorted • DU, dirty, unsorted • MAS, magic-angle spinning • NMR, nuclear magnetic resonance • POC, particulate organic carbon • TOSS, total suppression of sidebands

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