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TECHNICAL REPORTS

Vadose Zone Processes and Chemical Transport

Bromide and Nitrate Movement through Undisturbed Soil Columns

Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD 57007

^* Corresponding author (david_clay{at}sdstate.edu).

Received for publication February 6, 2003. Field experiments often assume that Br^{–, 14}NO^–₃–N, and ¹⁵NO^–₃–N have similar leaching kinetics. This study tested this assumption. Twenty-four undisturbed soil columns (15-cm diameter) were collected from summit–shoulder, backslope, and footslope positions of a no-tillage field with a corn (Zea mays L.)–soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] rotation. Each of the landscape positions had a different soil series. After conditioning the columns with 4 L of 0.01 M CaCl₂ (2 pore volumes), ¹⁵N-labeled Ca(NO₃)₂ and KBr were applied to the soil surface and leached with 4 L of 0.01 M CaCl₂. Leachate was collected, weighed, and analyzed for NO^–₃–N, NH₄⁺–N, ¹⁵N, ¹⁴N, and Br^–. The total amount of ¹⁵NO^–₃–N and ¹⁴NO^–₃–N collected in 1000, 2000, and 3000 mL of leachate was similar. These data suggest that ¹⁵N discrimination during leaching did not occur. Bromide leached faster through the columns than NO^–₃–N. The more rapid transport of Br^– than NO^–₃–Nwas attributed to lower Br^– (0.002 ± 0.036 mg kg^–1) than NO^–₃–N (0.17 ± 0.03 mg kg^–1) sorption. Results from this study suggest that (i) if Br^– is used to estimate NO^–₃–N leaching loss, then NO^–₃–N leaching losses may be overestimated by 25%; (ii) the potential exists for landscape position to influence anion retention and movement in soil; and (iii) ¹⁵N discrimination was not detected during the leaching process.

Abbreviations: AEC, anion exchange capacity • CEC, cation exchange capacity • K_d, sorption coefficient

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