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TECHNICAL REPORTS

Organic Compounds in the Environment

Organic Manure and Urea Effect on Metolachlor Transport through Packed Soil Columns

Division of Agricultural Chemicals, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110 012, India

^* Corresponding author (Drneerasingh{at}yahoo.com).

Received for publication October 26, 2002. Application of organic manure (OM) amendments and nitrogen fertilizers can affect the sorption and movement of pesticides in soil. This study summarizes the sorption and leaching of metolachlor [2-chloro-N-(2-ethyl-6-methylphenyl)-N-(2-methoxy-1-methylphenyl)acetamide] in soils after cow (Bos taurus) manure (2.5 and 5.0%) and urea (60 and 120 kg N ha^-1) amendments in batch and column experiments. Both cow manure and urea applications increased metolachlor sorption in soils. The values of the Freundlich adsorption parameter K_f(1/n) for treatments T0, T1 (OM), and T2 (OM) were 2.31, 3.32, and 3.96 in Soil 1; 2.02, 2.77, and 3.32 in Soil 2; and 1.10, 1.46, and 2.02 in Soil 3, respectively. Similarly, K_f(1/n) values for treatment T1 (urea) and T2 (urea) were 2.37 and 2.84 in Soil 1; 2.16 and 2.83 in Soil 2; and 1.50 and 1.70 in Soil 3, respectively. Column leaching studies using Soil 1 indicated that OM application drastically reduced the metolachlor leaching losses from 50% (natural soil) to <1.0% (5.0% OM amendment). Likewise, urea application also decreased metolachlor mobility and leaching losses in columns treated with 60 and 120 kg N ha^-1 urea were 33 and 20%, respectively. The reduction in the metolachlor leaching losses was achieved through the increase in the sorption capability of the OM- and urea-amended soil. Therefore, coapplication of metolachlor with cow manure or urea fertilizers will not enhance metolachlor mobility and reduces metolachlor leaching losses in low-organic-matter soil.

Abbreviations: DOC, dissolved organic carbon • OC, organic carbon • OM, organic manure

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This Issue in Journal of Environmental Quality

JEQ 2003 32: 1577-1582. [Full Text]  

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