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TECHNICAL REPORTS

Atmospheric Pollutants and Trace Gases

Growth and Yield Responses of Potato to Mixtures of Carbon Dioxide and Ozone

^a USDA Agricultural Research Service, Air Quality–Plant Growth and Development Research Unit, 3908 Inwood Road, Raleigh, NC 27603
^b Department of Crop Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695

^* Corresponding author (ahea{at}earthlink.net).

Received for publication July 1, 2002. Elevated carbon dioxide (CO₂) concentrations in the atmosphere can stimulate plant growth and yield, whereas ground-level ozone (O₃) concentrations cause the opposite effect in many areas of the world. Recent experiments show that elevated CO₂ can protect some plants from O₃ stress, but this has not been tested for most crop species. Our objective was to determine if elevated CO₂ protects Irish potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) from foliar injury and suppression of growth and yield caused by O₃. An O₃–resistant cultivar (Superior) and an O₃–sensitive cultivar (Dark Red Norland) were exposed from within 10 d after emergence to maturity to mixtures of three CO₂ and three O₃ treatments in open-top field chambers. The three CO₂ treatments were ambient (370 µL L^-1) and two treatments with CO₂ added to ambient CO₂ for 24 h d^-1 (540 and 715 µL L^-1). The O₃ treatments were charcoal-filtered air (15 nL L^-1), nonfiltered air (45 nL L^-1), and nonfiltered air with O₃ added for 12 h d^-1 (80 nL L^-1). Elevated O₃ and CO₂ caused extensive foliar injury of Dark Red Norland, but caused only slight injury of Superior. Elevated CO₂ increased growth and tuber yield of both cultivars, whereas elevated O₃ generally suppressed growth and yield, mainly of Dark Red Norland. Elevated CO₂ appeared to protect Dark Red Norland from O₃–induced suppression of shoot, root, and tuber weight as measured at midseason but did not protect either cultivar from O₃ stress at the final harvest. The results further illustrate the difficulty in predicting effects of O₃ + CO₂ mixtures based on the effects of the individual gases.

Abbreviations: DAP, days after planting

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