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TECHNICAL REPORT
Organic Compounds in the Environment

Persistence of Estrogenic Hormones in Agricultural Soils

I. 17ß-Estradiol and Estrone

Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Research Branch, 1391 Sandford Street, London, ON, Canada N5V 4T3

* Corresponding author (toppe{at}em.agr.ca)

Received for publication October 16, 2000. The persistence and pathways of dissipation of 17ß-estradiol and estrone in soil were established in laboratory microcosm incubations. [4-¹⁴C]-17ß-Estradiol dissipation and mineralization rates were determined over a range of temperatures and moistures, and this compound was rapidly removed in soil conditions typical of a temperate growing season. 17ß-Estradiol was oxidized to estrone in both autoclaved and nonsterile loam, silt loam, and sandy loam soils, suggesting an abiological transformation. In contrast, estrone was stable in autoclaved soil, suggesting that its removal was microbially mediated. Both [4-¹⁴C]-17ß-estradiol and [4-¹⁴C]-estrone formed non-extractable residues, and soil-bound residues were only slowly mineralized, suggesting that their bioavailability was low. Determination of total estrogenicity in soil extracts by means of a recombinant yeast assay indicated that there were no other estrogenic compounds produced during 17ß-estradiol dissipation, and that total estrogenicity was rapidly dissipated below the detection limit. We suggest that environmental studies evaluating the movement and persistence of estrogenic hormones from animal wastes should include estrone in their analyses.

Abbreviations: EDC, endocrine disrupting chemical • HPLC, high performance liquid chromatography • LSC, liquid scintillation counting • YES, yeast estrogenicity screen assay

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