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Minimizing the Impact of Pesticides on the Riverine Environment in Australia

Endosulfan Transport

I. Integrative Assessment of Airborne and Waterborne Pathways

^a CSIRO Land and Water, GPO Box 1666, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
^b Dep. of Land and Water Conservation, P.O. Box 3720, Parramatta, NSW 2150, Australia
^c NSW Agriculture, Locked Bag 21, Orange, NSW 2800, Australia

Corresponding author (mike.raupach{at}cbr.clw.csiro.au)

Received for publication October 8, 1999. To reduce endosulfan (C₉H₆O₃Cl₆S; 6,7,8,9,10,10-hexachloro-1,5,5a,6,9,9a-hexahydro-6,9-methano-2,4,3-benzodioxathiepin 3-oxide) contamination in rivers and waterways, it is important to know the relative significances of airborne transport pathways (including spray drift, vapor transport, and dust transport) and waterborne transport pathways (including overland and stream runoff). This work uses an integrated modeling approach to assess the absolute and relative contributions of these pathways to riverine endosulfan concentrations. The modeling framework involves two parts: a set of simple models for each transport pathway, and a model for the physical and chemical processes acting on endosulfan in river water. An averaging process is used to calculate the effects of transport pathways at the regional scale. The results show that spray drift, vapor transport, and runoff are all significant pathways. Dust transport is found to be insignificant. Spray drift and vapor transport both contribute low-level but nearly continuous inputs to the riverine endosulfan load during spraying season in a large cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.)-growing area, whereas runoff provides occasional but higher inputs. These findings are supported by broad agreement between model predictions and observed typical riverine endosulfan concentrations in two rivers.

This article has been cited by other articles:

				M.R. Raupach, P.R. Briggs, N. Ahmad, and V.E. Edge Endosulfan Transport: II. Modeling Airborne Dispersal and Deposition by Spray and Vapor J. Environ. Qual., May 1, 2001; 30(3): 729 - 740. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]