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Minimizing the Impact of Pesticides on the Riverine Environment in Australia

Spray Drift of Pesticides Arising from Aerial Application in Cotton

^a Centre for Pesticide Application and Safety, Univ. of Queensland, Gatton, Queensland 4343, Australia
^b Food Science Australia, Werribee, Victoria

Corresponding author (nicholas.woods{at}mailbox.uq.edu.au)

Received for publication February 9, 2000. This paper presents results from field studies carried out during the 1993–1998 Australian cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) seasons to monitor off-target droplet movement of endosulfan (6,7,8,9,10,10-hexachloro-1,5,5a,6,9,9a-hexahydro-6,9-methano-2,4,3-benzodioxathiepin 3-oxide) insecticide applied to a commercial cotton crop. Averaged over a wide range of conditions, off-target deposition 500 m downwind of the field boundary was approximately 2% of the field-applied rate with oil-based applications and 1% with water-based applications. Mean airborne drift values recorded 100 m downwind of a single flight line were a third as much with water-based application compared with oil-based application. Calculations using a Gaussian diffusion model and the U.S. Spray Drift Task Force AgDRIFT model produced downwind drift profiles that compared favorably with experimental data. Both models and data indicate that by adopting large droplet placement (LDP) application methods and incorporating crop buffer distances, spray drift can be effectively managed.

Abbreviations: EC, emulsifiable concentrate • GDM, Gaussian diffusion model • LDP, large droplet placement • LV, low volume • ULV, ultra low volume • VMD, volume median diameter

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