| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
|
|
|
|||||||
|
|||||||||
a USDA-ARS, National Swine Research Center, Ames, IA 50011
b Dep. of Microbiology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011
c Dep. of Psychology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011
d USDA-ARS, National Soil Tilth Lab., Ames, IA 50011
Corresponding author (zahn{at}nsric.ars.usda.gov)
Received for publication March 16, 2000. Direct multicomponent analysis of malodorous volatile organic compounds (VOCs) present in ambient air samples from 29 swine (Sus scrofa) production facilities was used to develop a 19-component artificial swine odor solution that simulated olfactory properties of swine effluent. Analyses employing either a human panel consisting of 14 subjects or gas chromatography were performed on the air stream from an emission chamber to assess human olfactory responses or odorant concentration, respectively. Analysis of the olfactory responses using Fisher's LSD statistics showed that the subjects were sensitive to changes in air concentration of the VOC standard across dilutions differing by approximately 16%. The effect of chemical synergisms and antagonisms on human olfactory response magnitudes was assessed by altering the individual concentration of nine compounds in artificial swine odor over a twofold concentration range while maintaining the other 18 components at a constant concentration. A synergistic olfactory response was observed when the air concentration of acetic acid was increased relative to the concentration of other VOC odorants in the standard. An antagonistic olfactory response was observed when the air concentration of 4-ethyl phenol was increased relative to the other VOC odorants in the standard. The collective odorant responses for nine major VOCs associated with swine odor were used to develop an olfactory prediction model to estimate human odor response magnitudes to swine manure odorants through measured air concentrations of indicator VOCs. The results of this study show that direct multicomponent analysis of VOCs emitted from swine effluent can be applied toward estimating perceived odor intensity.
Abbreviations: VOC, volatile organic compound • CAFO, concentrated animal feeding operation
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
 |
|
  I. H. Choi and P. A. Moore Jr. Effects of Liquid Aluminum Chloride Additions to Poultry Litter on Broiler Performance, Ammonia Emissions, Soluble Phosphorus, Total Volatile Fatty Acids, and Nitrogen Contents of Litter Poult. Sci., October 1, 2008; 87(10): 1955 - 1963. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 Y.-C. M. Lo, J. A. Koziel, L. Cai, S. J. Hoff, W. S. Jenks, and H. Xin Simultaneous chemical and sensory characterization of volatile organic compounds and semi-volatile organic compounds emitted from swine manure using solid phase microextraction and multidimensional gas chromatography-mass spectrometry-olfactometry. J. Environ. Qual., March 1, 2008; 37(2): 521 - 534. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. H. Loughrin, N. Lovanh, and R. Mahmood Equilibrium Sampling Used to Monitor Malodors in a Swine Waste Lagoon J. Environ. Qual., January 4, 2008; 37(1): 1 - 6. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 S. L. Archibeque, D. N. Miller, H. C. Freetly, E. D. Berry, and C. L. Ferrell The influence of oscillating dietary protein concentrations on finishing cattle. I. Feedlot performance and odorous compound production J Anim Sci, June 1, 2007; 85(6): 1487 - 1495. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
K. L. Conn, E. Topp, and G. Lazarovits Factors Influencing the Concentration of Volatile Fatty Acids, Ammonia, and Other Nutrients in Stored Liquid Pig Manure J. Environ. Qual., January 25, 2007; 36(2): 440 - 447. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
L. Cai, J. A. Koziel, Y. Liang, A. T. Nguyen, and H. Xin Evaluation of Zeolite for Control of Odorants Emissions from Simulated Poultry Manure Storage J. Environ. Qual., January 9, 2007; 36(1): 184 - 193. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. N. Miller and B. L. Woodbury A Solid-Phase Microextraction Chamber Method for Analysis of Manure Volatiles J. Environ. Qual., October 27, 2006; 35(6): 2383 - 2394. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. N. Miller, E. D. Berry, J. E. Wells, C. L. Ferrell, S. L. Archibeque, and H. C. Freetly Influence of genotype and diet on steer performance, manure odor, and carriage of pathogenic and other fecal bacteria. III. Odorous compound production J Anim Sci, September 1, 2006; 84(9): 2533 - 2545. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. L. Trabue, J. C. Anhalt, and J. A. Zahn Bias of Tedlar Bags in the Measurement of Agricultural Odorants J. Environ. Qual., August 9, 2006; 35(5): 1668 - 1677. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. L. Archibeque, D. N. Miller, H. C. Freetly, and C. L. Ferrell Feeding high-moisture corn instead of dry-rolled corn reduces odorous compound production in manure of finishing beef cattle without decreasing performance J Anim Sci, July 1, 2006; 84(7): 1767 - 1777. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
B. J. Kerr, C. J. Ziemer, S. L. Trabue, J. D. Crouse, and T. B. Parkin Manure composition of swine as affected by dietary protein and cellulose concentrations J Anim Sci, June 1, 2006; 84(6): 1584 - 1592. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. H. Loughrin, A. A. Szogi, and M. B. Vanotti Reduction of Malodorous Compounds from a Treated Swine Anaerobic Lagoon J. Environ. Qual., January 3, 2006; 35(1): 194 - 199. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. N. Miller and E. D. Berry Cattle Feedlot Soil Moisture and Manure Content: I. Impacts on Greenhouse Gases, Odor Compounds, Nitrogen Losses, and Dust J. Environ. Qual., March 1, 2005; 34(2): 644 - 655. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. N. Miller and V. H. Varel Swine manure composition affects the biochemical origins, composition, and accumulation of odorous compounds J Anim Sci, September 1, 2003; 81(9): 2131 - 2138. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. M. McGinn, H. H. Janzen, and T. Coates Atmospheric Ammonia, Volatile Fatty Acids, and Other Odorants near Beef Feedlots J. Environ. Qual., July 1, 2003; 32(4): 1173 - 1182. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
E. R. Otto, M. Yokoyama, S. Hengemuehle, R. D. von Bermuth, T. van Kempen, and N. L. Trottier Ammonia, volatile fatty acids, phenolics, and odor offensiveness in manure from growing pigs fed diets reduced in protein concentration J Anim Sci, July 1, 2003; 81(7): 1754 - 1763. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 Y. S. Do, T. M. Schmidt, J. A. Zahn, E. S. Boyd, A. de la Mora, and A. A. DiSpirito Role of Rhodobacter sp. Strain PS9, a Purple Non-Sulfur Photosynthetic Bacterium Isolated from an Anaerobic Swine Waste Lagoon, in Odor Remediation Appl. Envir. Microbiol., March 1, 2003; 69(3): 1710 - 1720. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
L. Merrill and L. J. Halverson Seasonal Variation in Microbial Communities and Organic Malodor Indicator Compound Concentrations in Various Types of Swine Manure Storage Systems J. Environ. Qual., November 1, 2002; 31(6): 2074 - 2085. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. N. Miller and V. H. Varel An in vitro study of manure composition on the biochemical origins, composition, and accumulation of odorous compounds in cattle feedlots J Anim Sci, September 1, 2002; 80(9): 2214 - 2222. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J.A. Zahn, J.L. Hatfield, D.A. Laird, T.T. Hart, Y.S. Do, and A.A. DiSpirito Functional Classification of Swine Manure Management Systems Based on Effluent and Gas Emission Characteristics J. Environ. Qual., March 1, 2001; 30(2): 635 - 647. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
| The SCI Journals | Agronomy Journal | Crop Science | |||
| Journal of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Education |
Vadose Zone Journal | ||||
| Soil Science Society of America Journal | Journal of Plant Registrations | The Plant Genome | |||
