HOME HELP FEEDBACK SUBSCRIPTIONS ARCHIVE SEARCH TABLE OF CONTENTS		QUICK SEARCH:   [advanced] Author: Keyword(s): Year:  Vol:  Page:

This Article Figures Only Full Text Free Full Text (PDF) Free Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Services Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in Web of Science Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via Web of Science (14) Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Knicker, H. Articles by Lenke, H. Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Knicker, H. Articles by Lenke, H. Agricola Articles by Knicker, H. Articles by Lenke, H. Related Collections Bioremediation and Biodegradation Other Environmental Contamination Soil Pollution

TECHNICAL REPORT
BIOREMEDIATION AND BIODEGRADATION

Solid-State Nitrogen-15 Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Analysis of Biologically Reduced 2,4,6-Trinitrotoluene in a Soil Slurry Remediation

^a Lehrstuhl für Bodenkunde, Technische Universität München, 85350 Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany
^b Fraunhofer-Institut für Grenzflächen-und Bioverfahrenstechnik, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany

Corresponding author (knicker{at}pollux.weihenstephan.de)

Received for publication February 14, 2000. Soil contaminated with 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) and spiked with [¹⁴C]- and [¹⁵N₃]-TNT was subjected to an anaerobic–aerobic soil slurry treatment and subsequently analyzed by radiocounting and solid-state ¹⁵N nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. This treatment led to a complete disappearance of extractable radioactivity originating from TNT and almost all of the radioactivity was recovered in the insoluble soil fraction. As revealed by solid-state ¹⁵N NMR, a major fraction of partially reduced metabolites of TNT was immobilized into the soil during the early stage of the anaerobic treatment, although some of the compounds (i.e., aminodinitrotoluenes and azoxy compounds) were extractable by methanol. Considerable ¹⁵N intensity was assigned to condensation products of TNT metabolites. A smaller signal indicated the formation of azoxy N. This signal and the signal for nitro groups were not observed at the end of the anaerobic phase, revealing further reduction and/or transformation of their corresponding compounds. An increase of the relative proportion of the condensation products occurred with increasing anaerobic incubation. Aerobic incubation resulted in a further decrease of aromatic amines, presumably due to oxidative transformations or their involvement in further condensation reactions. The results of the study demonstrate that the anaerobic–aerobic soil slurry treatment represents an efficient strategy for immobilizing reduced TNT in soils.

Abbreviations: HF, hydrofluoric acid • NMR, nuclear magnetic resonance • TNT, 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene

This article has been cited by other articles:

				A. E. Berns, P. Conte, H. Philipp, E. G. Witte, and H. Lewandowski Interactions between 2-Aminobenzothiazole and Natural Organic Matter as Evidenced by CPMAS Nitrogen-15 NMR Spectroscopy Vadose Zone J., August 11, 2009; 8(3): 670 - 676. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]