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Nitrogen Loss from Manure as Influenced by Moisture and Temperature¹

ABSTRACT

Soil temperature and moisture are important in cattle waste management. The effects of these two variables on N losses from different rates of applied manure were studied under greenhouse conditions at two soil moisture (60 and 90% of water saturation percentage, WSP) and two soil temperature (10 and 25C) levels.

The manure rate did not have a significant effect on the percentage of loss of applied N. At 10C, the average losses of applied N were 26 and 39%, respectively, for the 60 and 90% moisture levels. Higher losses of 40 and 45% were obtained for the 60 and 90% levels, respectively, at 25C. Results suggest that these losses occurred largely through volatilization of NH₃. Under conditions where significant nitrification occurred, there were greater concentrations of electrolytes associated with reduction in pH indicating that leaching of NO₃^– cannot be divorced from soluble salts in manure disposal areas.

With N losses approaching 50% of the applied N, large quantities of N are being volatilized to the atmosphere over large and concentrated dairy and feedlot areas.

Key Words: atmospheric enrichment with NH₃ • animal waste management • N transformations • soluble salts

¹ Contribution from the Deps. of Crop and Soil Sciences as Michigan Agr. Exp. Sta. Journal Article No. 6585 and Electrical Engineering and System Science, Michigan State University, E. Lansing, 48824 and Dep. of Soil Science and Agr. Eng., University of California, Riverside, 92502. Financial assistance from NSF through Grant No. GI-20 is gratefully acknowledged.

² Assistant Professor in Soil Science, Michigan State University, E. Lansing, Assistant Professor in Agr. Eng. and Research Associate, University of California, Riverside.

Received for publication October 12, 1973.