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Phosphorus Reactions and Leaching Potential in Soils Amended with Sewage Sludge

Department of Soil Science, The Univ. of Reading, Whiteknights, P.O. Box 233, Reading RG6 6DW, UK.

^* Corresponding author (j.s.robinson{at}reading.ac.uk).

ABSTRACT

The objective of this study was to evaluate the leaching potential of P from a range of sewage sludge- or P fertilizer (monocalcium phosphate)-amended topsoils that had different P contents. Leaching trials (70 d) were conducted in 30-cm-long PVC columns; P-related parameters were then determined at different depths in the leached soils. In most cases, more (P < 0.01) P was released from the P-fertilized than sludge-treated soils. Increasing native Olsen P from 15 to 62 mg kg^–1 had negligible effect on P release; however, there was a sharp increase in P leached between 92 and 134 (maximum) mg Olsen P kg^–1. This increase was much greater in the P-fertilized than sludge-treated soils. At all depths in all leached soils, resin P decreased in the order: P fertilized > sludge > control. At the lowest depth (16–20 cm) of the leached soil, the degree of P sorption saturation decreased in the same order and was related curvilinearly (P < 0.001) to cumulative P leached (at 70 d). This relationship demonstrates the importance of P sorption saturation in controlling P leaching in sludge- and fertilizer-treated soils. The more rapid rate of P saturation and P leaching in P-fertilized than sludge-treated soils emphasizes the role of the P source in adsorption-desorption processes.

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