JEQ Grow Your Career With ASA
HOME HELP FEEDBACK SUBSCRIPTIONS ARCHIVE SEARCH TABLE OF CONTENTS
QUICK SEARCH:   [advanced]


     

Published in J Environ Qual 28:850-859 (1999)
© 1999 American Society of Agronomy, Crop Science Society of America, and Soil Science Society of America
677 S. Segoe Rd., Madison, WI 53711 USA
This Article
Right arrow Full Text (PDF)
Right arrow Alert me when this article is cited
Right arrow Alert me if a correction is posted
Services
Right arrow Similar articles in this journal
Right arrow Alert me to new issues of the journal
Right arrow Download to citation manager
Citing Articles
Right arrow Citing Articles via HighWire
Right arrow Citing Articles via Google Scholar
Google Scholar
Right arrow Articles by Burkart, M. R.
Right arrow Articles by James, D. E.
Right arrow Search for Related Content
PubMed
Right arrow Articles by Burkart, M. R.
Right arrow Articles by James, D. E.
Agricola
Right arrow Articles by Burkart, M. R.
Right arrow Articles by James, D. E.

Agricultural-Nitrogen Contributions to Hypoxia in the Gulf of Mexico

Michael R. Burkart* and David E. James

USDA-ARS, National Soil Tilth Lab., 2150 Pammel Drive., Ames, IA 50011.

* Corresponding author (burkart{at}nstl.gov).

ABSTRACT

Nitrate (NO3) is the principal nutrient transported through the Mississippi River basin that is related to hypoxia in the Gulf of Mexico. Agriculture is a major contributor to the N load. Knowledge of the geographic distribution of NO3 sources and losses within the basin is critical to understanding the problem and identifying potential solutions. This paper defines the geographic distribution, by hydrologic unit, of major agricultural sources and dominant losses of N in the basin. Sources include imported N such as inorganic fertilizer, manure, and atmospheric deposition, and in situ sources such as mineralized N from soil organic matter, N2 fixed by legumes, and redeposition of locally derived ammonia (NH3). The dominant N losses include crop harvests, losses to the atmosphere through volatilization of manure and inorganic fertilizer, plant senescence, and denitrification of soil NO3. National data bases used in the analysis include the State Soils Geographic Database, 1992 Census of Agriculture, and the National Atmospheric Deposition Program/National Trends Network. The hydrologic units with the largest residual N contributions available to streams are located in the Upper Mississippi River and the Ohio River basins. Mineralizable soil N, inorganic N fertilizer, legume fixation, and redeposition of locally derived NH3 constitute the major sources in this part of the basin, although manure is a minor source. However, these northern hydrologic regions use a greater fraction of the sources to produce crop N than do the southern hydrologic regions. Residual contributions to the Tennessee, Arkansas/Red, and Lower Mississippi hydrologic regions are greatest when analyzed as a percentage of the total sources.

Received for publication July 13, 1998.


This article has been cited by other articles:


Home page
 Agron. J.Home page
A. H. Heggenstaller, R. P. Anex, M. Liebman, D. N. Sundberg, and L. R. Gibson
Productivity and Nutrient Dynamics in Bioenergy Double-Cropping Systems
Agron. J., November 7, 2008; 100(6): 1740 - 1748.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USAHome page
S. D. Donner and C. J. Kucharik
Corn-based ethanol production compromises goal of reducing nitrogen export by the Mississippi River
PNAS, March 18, 2008; 105(11): 4513 - 4518.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Environ. Qual.Home page
V. Nangia, P. H. Gowda, D. J. Mulla, and G. R. Sands
Water Quality Modeling of Fertilizer Management Impacts on Nitrate Losses in Tile Drains at the Field Scale
J. Environ. Qual., March 1, 2008; 37(2): 296 - 307.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J DAIRY SCIHome page
J. M. Powell, G. A. Broderick, and T. H. Misselbrook
Seasonal Diet Affects Ammonia Emissions from Tie-Stall Dairy Barns
J Dairy Sci, February 1, 2008; 91(2): 857 - 869.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Environ. Qual.Home page
J. M. Powell, T. H. Misselbrook, and M. D. Casler
Season and Bedding Impacts on Ammonia Emissions from Tie-stall Dairy Barns
J. Environ. Qual., January 4, 2008; 37(1): 7 - 15.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Environ. Qual.Home page
N. Hong, P. C. Scharf, J. G. Davis, N. R. Kitchen, and K. A. Sudduth
Economically Optimal Nitrogen Rate Reduces Soil Residual Nitrate
J. Environ. Qual., January 25, 2007; 36(2): 354 - 362.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Environ. Qual.Home page
E. Mehnert, H.-H. Hwang, T. M. Johnson, R. A. Sanford, W. C. Beaumont, and T. R. Holm
Denitrification in the Shallow Ground Water of a Tile-Drained, Agricultural Watershed
J. Environ. Qual., January 9, 2007; 36(1): 80 - 90.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Environ. Qual.Home page
K. E. Schilling and J. Spooner
Effects of Watershed-Scale Land Use Change on Stream Nitrate Concentrations
J. Environ. Qual., October 27, 2006; 35(6): 2132 - 2145.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Environ. Qual.Home page
J. M. Sogbedji and G. F. McIsaac
Evaluation of the ADAPT Model for Simulating Nitrogen Dynamics in a Tile-Drained Agricultural Watershed in Central Illinois.
J. Environ. Qual., September 1, 2006; 35(5): 1914 - 1923.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Environ. Qual.Home page
S. V. Panno, K. C. Hackley, W. R. Kelly, and H.-H. Hwang
Isotopic Evidence of Nitrate Sources and Denitrification in the Mississippi River, Illinois
J. Environ. Qual., February 2, 2006; 35(2): 495 - 504.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Environ. Qual.Home page
R. J. Gehl, J. P. Schmidt, L. R. Stone, A. J. Schlegel, and G. A. Clark
In Situ Measurements of Nitrate Leaching Implicate Poor Nitrogen and Irrigation Management on Sandy Soils
J. Environ. Qual., November 7, 2005; 34(6): 2243 - 2254.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Environ. Qual.Home page
R. B. Ferguson, J. A. Nienaber, R. A. Eigenberg, and B. L. Woodbury
Long-Term Effects of Sustained Beef Feedlot Manure Application on Soil Nutrients, Corn Silage Yield, and Nutrient Uptake
J. Environ. Qual., August 9, 2005; 34(5): 1672 - 1681.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J DAIRY SCIHome page
T. H. Misselbrook, J. M. Powell, G. A. Broderick, and J. H. Grabber
Dietary Manipulation in Dairy Cattle: Laboratory Experiments to Assess the Influence on Ammonia Emissions
J Dairy Sci, May 1, 2005; 88(5): 1765 - 1777.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Soil Sci.Home page
L. G. Bundy and T. W. Andraski
Recovery of Fertilizer Nitrogen in Crop Residues and Cover Crops on an Irrigated Sandy Soil
Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J., April 11, 2005; 69(3): 640 - 648.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Environ. Qual.Home page
G. W. Randall and J. A. Vetsch
Nitrate Losses in Subsurface Drainage from a Corn-Soybean Rotation as Affected by Fall and Spring Application of Nitrogen and Nitrapyrin
J. Environ. Qual., March 1, 2005; 34(2): 590 - 597.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Environ. Qual.Home page
G. W. Randall, J. A. Vetsch, and J. R. Huffman
Nitrate Losses in Subsurface Drainage from a Corn-Soybean Rotation as Affected by Time of Nitrogen Application and Use of Nitrapyrin
J. Environ. Qual., September 1, 2003; 32(5): 1764 - 1772.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Soil Sci.Home page
Y. Zhu, R. H. Fox, and J. D. Toth
Tillage Effects on Nitrate Leaching Measured by Pan and Wick Lysimeters
Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J., September 1, 2003; 67(5): 1517 - 1523.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Soil Sci.Home page
G. R. Munoz, J. M. Powell, and K. A. Kelling
Nitrogen Budget and Soil N Dynamics after Multiple Applications of Unlabeled or 15Nitrogen-Enriched Dairy Manure
Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J., May 1, 2003; 67(3): 817 - 825.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Environ. Qual.Home page
M. D. Tomer, D. W. Meek, D. B. Jaynes, and J. L. Hatfield
Evaluation of Nitrate Nitrogen Fluxes from a Tile-Drained Watershed in Central Iowa
J. Environ. Qual., March 1, 2003; 32(2): 642 - 653.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Agron. J.Home page
R. W. Mullen, K. W. Freeman, W. R. Raun, G. V. Johnson, M. L. Stone, and J. B. Solie
Identifying an In-Season Response Index and the Potential to Increase Wheat Yield with Nitrogen
Agron. J., March 1, 2003; 95(2): 347 - 351.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Environ. Qual.Home page
G. F. McIsaac, M. B. David, G. Z. Gertner, and D. A. Goolsby
Relating Net Nitrogen Input in the Mississippi River Basin to Nitrate Flux in the Lower Mississippi River: A Comparison of Approaches
J. Environ. Qual., September 1, 2002; 31(5): 1610 - 1622.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Environ. Qual.Home page
A. S. Birr and D. J. Mulla
Evaluation of the Phosphorus Index in Watersheds at the Regional Scale
J. Environ. Qual., November 1, 2001; 30(6): 2018 - 2025.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Environ. Qual.Home page
D.B. Jaynes, T.S. Colvin, D.L. Karlen, C.A. Cambardella, and D.W. Meek
Nitrate Loss in Subsurface Drainage as Affected by Nitrogen Fertilizer Rate
J. Environ. Qual., July 1, 2001; 30(4): 1305 - 1314.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Agron. J.Home page
D. R. Huggins, G. W. Randall, and M. P. Russelle
Subsurface Drain Losses of Water and Nitrate following Conversion of Perennials to Row Crops
Agron. J., May 1, 2001; 93(3): 477 - 486.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Agron. J.Home page
R. H. Fox, W. P. Piekielek, and K. E. Macneal
Comparison of Late-Season Diagnostic Tests for Predicting Nitrogen Status of Corn
Agron. J., May 1, 2001; 93(3): 590 - 597.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


HOME HELP FEEDBACK SUBSCRIPTIONS ARCHIVE SEARCH TABLE OF CONTENTS
The SCI Journals Agronomy Journal Crop Science
Journal of Natural Resources
and Life Sciences Education		 Vadose Zone Journal
Soil Science Society of America Journal Journal of Plant Registrations The Plant Genome
Copyright © 1999 by the American Society of Agronomy, Crop Science Society of America, and Soil Science Society of America.