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Adsorption of Selected Pesticides on a Rigid PVC Lysimeter

USDA-ARS, 1991 Upper Buford Circle, Room 439, St. Paul, MN 55108;
Dep. of Soil, Water, and Climate, Univ. of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108.

^* Corresponding author (koskinen{at}soils.umn.edu).

ABSTRACT

Lysimeters have traditionally been made out of stainless steel and teflon to monitor soil solutions and groundwater. The possibility of adsorption of organic chemicals to polyvinyl chloride (PVC) lysimeters, a more economical alternative to stainless steel, has led to debate over their suitability for groundwater sampling. The adsorption of different pesticide chemistries, chloroacetanilide (alachlor (2-chloro-N-(2,6-diethylphenyl)-N-(methoxymethyl)acetamide)), s-triazine (atrazine (6 - chloro - N - ethyl - N'-1-methylethyl)-1-3-5-triazine-2,4-diamine)), chloronicotinyl (intidacloprid (1-[(6-chloro-3-pyridinyl)-methyl]-N-nitro-2-imidazolidinimine)), organophosphorus (isofenphos (1-methylethyl 2-[[ethoxy[(1-methylethyl)amino]phosphinothioyl] oxy]benzoate)), sulfonylurea (nicosulfuron (2-[[[[(4,6-dimethoxy-2-pyr-imidinyl) amino ] carbonyl]amino]sulfonyl]-N,N-dimethyl -3-pyridine carboxamide)), and azole (triadimefon (1-(4-chlorophenoxy)-3,3-dimethyl-1-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-2-butanone)), on a lysimeter constructed from rigid PVC was determined to evaluate the suitability of PVC material for use in groundwater sampling. Among all pesticides tested, only isofenphos demonstrated slight adsorption (9% of applied) on the lysimeter; adsorption was rapid and isophenfos was not easily desorbed with methanol and water. None of the other pesticides adsorbed to the lysimeter. When selecting a lysimeter, potential adsorptive interactions between other pesticide chemistries and the materials used in the lysimeter construction should be evaluated.