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Ammonia Volatilization from Liquid Hog Manure Amended with Paper Products in the Laboratory

Dep. of Natural Resource Sciences, McGill Univ., Ste Anne de Bellevue, QC, Canada, H9X 3V9.

^* Corresponding author (fylesj{at}nrs.mcgill.ca).

ABSTRACT

Losses of N from livestock operations due to ammonia (NH₃) volatilization from animal wastes is a major source of pollution in Europe and North America, and represents a significant economic loss. Paper products have potential as amendments to reduce NH₃ loss because their high carbon (C) and low nitrogen (N) contents would be expected to cause N immobilization. Reduction in NH₃ volatilization from liquid hog manure (LHM) by paper bag (PB), filter paper (FP), newsprint (NP), and pulp sludge (PS) added at 2.5 and 5% (fresh LHM weight) was evaluated in a 56 d incubation study. Cumulative NH₃ volatilization ranged between 28 and 53% of initial manure N. When the rate increased from 2.5 to 5%, NH₃ volatilization was reduced by 47, 40, 37, and 29%, respectively, compared to the control. Increasing the rate increased the amount of C lost from the LHM and reduced the net mineralization of organic N. Hence, the addition of organic amendments appeared to have decreased NH₃ volatilization by increasing microbial activity and N immobilization. Liquid hog manure pH was negatively correlated with C loss, indicating that microbial decomposition of paper amendments lowered manure pH but this effect did not appear to be important in controlling NH₃ volatilization. Paper lignin content was not correlated with the loss of C, manure pH, or NH₃ volatilization, suggesting that the effectiveness of paper products in reducing NH₃ volatilization is not controlled by lignin content but rather by other more labile components.

S. Subair, present address: Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Haluoleo, Kendari, Sulawesi Tenggara, Indonesia.

I.P. O'Halloran, present address: Dep. of Land Resource Science, Univ. of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada N1G 2W1.

Received for publication October 3, 1997.

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