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Published in J Environ Qual 27:1539-1548 (1998)
© 1998 American Society of Agronomy, Crop Science Society of America, and Soil Science Society of America
677 S. Segoe Rd., Madison, WI 53711 USA
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Responses of Soil Respiration to Clipping and Grazing in a Tallgrass Prairie

Dale J. Bremer*, Jay M. Ham and Clenton E. Owensby

Dep. of Agronomy, 2004 Throckmorton Hall, Kansas State Univ., Manhattan, KS 66506;

Alan K. Knapp

Div. of Biology, 231 Ackert Hall, Kansas State Univ., Manhattan, KS 66506.

* Corresponding author (bremer{at}ksu.edu).

ABSTRACT

Soil-surface CO2 flux (Fs) is an important component in prairie C budgets. Although grazing is common in grasslands, its effects on Fs have not been well documented. Three clipping treatments: (i) early-season clipping (EC); (ii) full-season clipping (FC); and (iii) no clipping (NC); which represented two grazing strategies and a control, were applied to plots in a tallgrass prairie in northeastern Kansas, USA. Measurements of Fs were made with a portable gas-exchange system at weekly to monthly intervals for 1 yr. Concurrent measurements of soil temperature and volumetric soil water content at 0.1 m were obtained with dual-probe heat-capacity sensors. Measurements of Fs also were obtained in grazed pastures. Fs ranged annually from 8.8 x 10–3 mg m–2 S–1 during the winter to 0.51 mg m–2 s–1 during the summer, following the patterns of soil temperature and canopy growth and phenology. Clipping typically reduced Fs 21 to 49% by the second day after clipping despite higher soil temperatures in clipped plots. Cumulative annual Fs were 4.94, 4.04, and 4.11 kg m–2 yr–1 in NC, EC, and FC treatments, respectively; thus, dipping reduced annual Fs by 17.5%. Differences in Fs between EC and FC were minimal, suggesting that different grazing strategies had little additional impact on annual Fs. Daily Fs in grazed pastures was 20 to 37% less than Fs in ungrazed pastures. Results suggest that grazing moderates Fs during the growing season by reducing canopy photosynthesis and slowing translocation of carbon to the rhizosphere.

NOTES

Contribution no. 98-234-J from the Kansas Agric. Exp. Station.

Received for publication January 30, 1998.


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