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Ammonia Volatilization from Surface or Incorporated Biosolids by the Addition of Dicyandiamide

Dep. de Producción Agraria, Universidad Pública de Navarra, 31006 Pamplona, Spain.

B. Lasa, C. Lamsfus and P. M. Aparicio-Tejo

Dep. de Ciencias del Medio Natural, Universidad Pública de Navarra, 31006 Pamplona, Spain.

^* Corresponding author (mquemada{at}upna.es).

ABSTRACT

Biosolids management can affect N gaseous losses, and may be an important tool for sludge N management. The objectives of our experiment were to determine the effect of dicyandiamide (DCD) addition and biosolids placement on (i) ammonia volatilization, and (ii) C mineralization and inorganic N accumulation. Biosolids, treated or untreated with DCD, were either surface-applied or soil-incorporated at a rate of 31.7 g of dry solids kg^–1 soil, and incubated in flasks at 21°C for 62 d. Free air was renewed at 0.15 L min^–1 and NH₃ and CO₂ in the air flowing out of each flask were collected in traps for each treatment. Inorganic N in soil plus biosolids mixtures was determined at the end of the study. Surface-applied biosolids treated with DCD lost 71% while nontreated biosolids lost 20% of the applied NH⁺₄-N. Soil-incorporated biosolids lost <5% of the applied NH⁺₄-N. Surface placement of the biosolids enhanced C mineralization, while it did not affect inorganic N accumulation. Addition of DCD to the biosolids did not affect C mineralization, but increased the accumulation of inorganic N. These results suggest that addition of DCD and biosolids placement can be used for managing sludge N.