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Soil and Water Science Dep., 106 Newell Hall, Box 110510, Univ. of Florida, Inst. of Food and Agric. Sciences, Gainesville, FL 32611.
* Corresponding author (vdna{at}gnv.ifas.ufl.edu).
ABSTRACT
Land areas used for dairy farming can result in accumulation of manure on soils that could produce nutrient-rich surface and subsurface runoff and cause accelerated lake eutrophication. This research was conducted on Spodosols that were differentially impacted by manure; the study included sites with different levels of total P (TP), from 2300 mg kg–1 in the soil highly impacted by intensive dairy farming to 18 mg kg–1 in an unimpacted area. The P retention characteristics of these soils were determined by using both single-point (1000 mg P kg–1 or 100 mg P L1) and traditional Langmuir isotherms. Phosphorus sorption values using a single high P solution had approximately a 1:1 relationship with values obtained for the maximum retention capacity, Smax, obtained from Langmuir isotherms (r2 = 0.98). The surface A and E horizons of manure-impacted soils had essentially no sorbing capacity while the Bh (spodic) and Bw horizons had mean Smax values 430 and 385 mg kg–1, respectively. The P sorbing capacity of the Bh and Bw horizons were attributed to high Al concentrations in these horizons. Higher P concentrations in the surface A horizon resulted in greater P concentrations in solutions equilibrated with the Bh- and Bw- horizon materials, which suggests a potential for vertical P movement through the soil profile. The spodic horizon of the less-impacted soils may not have been exposed to sufficiently high solution P concentrations to accumulate significant P in the soluble fraction.
Received for publication February 7, 1997.
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