HOME HELP FEEDBACK SUBSCRIPTIONS ARCHIVE SEARCH TABLE OF CONTENTS		QUICK SEARCH:   [advanced] Author: Keyword(s): Year:  Vol:  Page:

This Article Full Text (PDF) Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Services Similar articles in this journal Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Gan, J. Articles by Ernst, F. F. Search for Related Content PubMed Articles by Gan, J. Articles by Ernst, F. F. Agricola Articles by Gan, J. Articles by Ernst, F. F.

Effect of Application Methods on 1,3-Dichloropropene Volatilization from Soil under Controlled Conditions

USDA-ARS Soil Physics and Pesticides Research Unit, U.S. Salinity Laboratory, 450 Big Springs Rd., Riverside, CA 92507.

^* Corresponding author (jgan{at}ussl.ars.usda.gov).

ABSTRACT

Emissions of fumigants can be an important source of air pollution at soil fumigation sites, and the high emission rates result partly from the use of application methods that are high in volatilization potential. In this study, we compared volatilization of fumigant 1,3-dichloropropene (1,3-D) fr.om a sandy loam in 60-cm packed columns after applied by different methods. The most volatilization was found with injection into uncovered soil at a shallow depth (e.g., 56% loss for the 20-cm injection) and application via surface drip irrigation (>90%). Volatilization fluxes and cumulative losses, however, rapidly decreased as the injection depth was increased, and the total loss was only 27% for the 40-cm injection. The commonly used polyethylene plastic was ineffective in reducing the volatilization because of its high permeability to 1,3-D. Water application after the 20-cm injection resulted in substantially reduced volatilization, but the least loss (22%) was obtained when an emulsifiable formulation of 1,3-D, Telone SL, was drip-applied to the subsurface at 20 cm. Our results indicate that variables most influencing 1,3-D volatilization are injection depth and water management. By optimizing these variables, application methods with low emission potential can be developed.

This article has been cited by other articles:

				S. Gao, T. J. Trout, and S. Schneider Evaluation of Fumigation and Surface Seal Methods on Fumigant Emissions in an Orchard Replant Field J. Environ. Qual., March 1, 2008; 37(2): 369 - 377. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				S. A. Cryer Predicting Soil Fumigant Air Concentrations under Regional and Diverse Agronomic Conditions J. Environ. Qual., November 7, 2005; 34(6): 2197 - 2207. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				S. E. Allaire, S. R. Yates, and F. F. Ernst Effect of Soil Moisture and Irrigation on Propargyl Bromide Volatilization and Movement in Soil Vadose Zone J., May 1, 2004; 3(2): 656 - 667. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J.-H. Kim, S. K. Papiernik, W. J. Farmer, J. Gan, and S. R. Yates Effect of Formulation on the Behavior of 1,3-Dichloropropene in Soil J. Environ. Qual., November 1, 2003; 32(6): 2223 - 2229. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				S.E. Allaire, S.R. Yates, F.F. Ernst, and J. Gan A Dynamic Two-Dimensional System for Measuring Volatile Organic Compound Volatilization and Movement in Soils J. Environ. Qual., July 1, 2002; 31(4): 1079 - 1087. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				A. M. Ibekwe, S. K. Papiernik, J. Gan, S. R. Yates, C.-H. Yang, and D. E. Crowley Impact of Fumigants on Soil Microbial Communities Appl. Envir. Microbiol., July 1, 2001; 67(7): 3245 - 3257. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]