| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
|
|
|
|||||||
|
|||||||||
University of Illinois, Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Sciences, W-503 Turner Hall, 1102 South Goodwin Av., Urbana, IL 61801;
University of Illinois, Department of Landscape Architecture, 101 Temple Buell Hall, 611 East Lorado Taft Drive, Champaign, IL 61820.
* Corresponding author (m-david{at}uiuc.edu).
ABSTRACT
Surface water nitrate (NO–3) pollution from agricultural production is well established, although few studies have linked field N budgets, NO–3 loss in tile drained watersheds, and surface water NO–3 loads. This study was conducted to determine field sources, transport, and river export of NO–3 from an agricultural watershed. The Embarras River watershed at Camargo (48 173 ha) in east-central Illinois was investigated. The watershed is a tile-drained area of fertile Mollisols (typical soil is Drummer silty clay loam, a fine-silty, mixed mesic Typic Haplaquoll) with primary cropping of maize (Zea mays L.) and soybean (Glycine max L.). Agricultural field N sources and sinks, tile drainage NO–3 concentrations and fluxes, and river NO–3 export were estimated for the entire watershed. Large pools of inorganic N were present following each harvest of maize and soybean (average of 3670 Mg N yr–1 over a 6-yr period). The source of most of the inorganic N was divided between N fertilizer and soil mineralized N. High concentrations of NO–3 were found in four monitored drainage tiles (5–49 mg N L–1), and tile concentrations of NO–3 were synchronous with Embarras River NO–3 concentrations. High flow events contributed most of the yearly NO–3 loss (24.7 kg N ha–1 yr–1) from tile drained fields in the 1995 water year (1 Oct. 1994 through 30 Sept. 1995) where high rainfall events occurred in a low overall precipitation year (in one tile 21% of the annual load was exported in 1 d). During the 1996 water year, NO–3 export in tiles was much higher (44.2 kg N ha–1 yr–1) due to greater precipitation, and individual days were less important. On average, about 49% (average of 1688 Mg N yr–1 over a 6-yr period) of the field inorganic N pool was estimated to be leached through drain tiles and seepage and was exported by the Embarras River, although depending on weather and field N balances this ranged from 25 to 85% of the field N balance over the 6-yr period. It seems likely that agricultural disturbance (high mineralization inputs of N) and N fertilization combined with tile drainage contributed significantly to NO–3 export in the Embarras River.
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
 |
|
  S. D. Donner and C. J. Kucharik Corn-based ethanol production compromises goal of reducing nitrogen export by the Mississippi River PNAS, March 18, 2008; 105(11): 4513 - 4518. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 C. K. Keller, C. N. Butcher, J. L. Smith, and R. M. Allen-King Nitrate in Tile Drainage of the Semiarid Palouse Basin J. Environ. Qual., March 1, 2008; 37(2): 353 - 361. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. B. Jaynes, T. C. Kaspar, T. B. Moorman, and T. B. Parkin In Situ Bioreactors and Deep Drain-Pipe Installation to Reduce Nitrate Losses in Artificially Drained Fields J. Environ. Qual., March 1, 2008; 37(2): 429 - 436. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
T.C. Kaspar, D.B. Jaynes, T.B. Parkin, and T.B. Moorman Rye Cover Crop and Gamagrass Strip Effects on NO3 Concentration and Load in Tile Drainage J. Environ. Qual., August 31, 2007; 36(5): 1503 - 1511. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 C. D. Nance, L. R. Gibson, and D. L. Karlen Soil Profile Nitrate Response to Nitrogen Fertilization of Winter Triticale Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J., June 29, 2007; 71(4): 1343 - 1351. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
K. A. Oquist, J. S. Strock, and D. J. Mulla Influence of Alternative and Conventional Farming Practices on Subsurface Drainage and Water Quality J. Environ. Qual., June 27, 2007; 36(4): 1194 - 1204. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
X. Hu, G. F. McIsaac, M. B. David, and C. A. L. Louwers Modeling Riverine Nitrate Export from an East-Central Illinois Watershed Using SWAT J. Environ. Qual., May 25, 2007; 36(4): 996 - 1005. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
L. E. Gentry, M. B. David, T. V. Royer, C. A. Mitchell, and K. M. Starks Phosphorus Transport Pathways to Streams in Tile-Drained Agricultural Watersheds J. Environ. Qual., January 25, 2007; 36(2): 408 - 415. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. R. Opdyke, M. B. David, and B. L. Rhoads Influence of Geomorphological Variability in Channel Characteristics on Sediment Denitrification in Agricultural Streams J. Environ. Qual., October 27, 2006; 35(6): 2103 - 2112. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 D. B. Jaynes and T. S. Colvin Corn Yield and Nitrate Loss in Subsurface Drainage from Midseason Nitrogen Fertilizer Application Agron. J., October 3, 2006; 98(6): 1479 - 1487. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
W. W. Stone and J. T. Wilson Preferential Flow Estimates to an Agricultural Tile Drain with Implications for Glyphosate Transport J. Environ. Qual., August 9, 2006; 35(5): 1825 - 1835. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. M. Morgan, T. V. Royer, M. B. David, and L. E. Gentry Relationships among Nutrients, Chlorophyll-a, and Dissolved Oxygen in Agricultural Streams in Illinois J. Environ. Qual., May 31, 2006; 35(4): 1110 - 1117. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
K. Kumar, C. J. Rosen, and M. P. Russelle Enhanced Protease Inhibitor Expression in Plant Residues Slows Nitrogen Mineralization Agron. J., April 11, 2006; 98(3): 514 - 521. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
T. V. Royer, J. L. Tank, and M. B. David Transport and Fate of Nitrate in Headwater Agricultural Streams in Illinois J. Environ. Qual., July 1, 2004; 33(4): 1296 - 1304. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. B. Jaynes, D. L. Dinnes, D. W. Meek, D. L. Karlen, C. A. Cambardella, and T. S. Colvin Using the Late Spring Nitrate Test to Reduce Nitrate Loss within a Watershed J. Environ. Qual., March 1, 2004; 33(2): 669 - 677. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. B. David, L. E. Gentry, K. M. Starks, and R. A. Cooke Stream Transport of Herbicides and Metabolites in a Tile-Drained, Agricultural Watershed J. Environ. Qual., September 1, 2003; 32(5): 1790 - 1801. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 F. X. M. Casey, F. X. M. Casey, N. Derby, R. E. Knighton, D. D. Steele, and E. C. Stegman Initiation of Irrigation Effects on Temporal Nitrate Leaching Vadose Zone J., November 1, 2002; 1(2): 300 - 309. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
P. C. Scharf and J. A. Lory Calibrating Corn Color from Aerial Photographs to Predict Sidedress Nitrogen Need Agron. J., May 1, 2002; 94(3): 397 - 404. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D.B. Jaynes, T.S. Colvin, D.L. Karlen, C.A. Cambardella, and D.W. Meek Nitrate Loss in Subsurface Drainage as Affected by Nitrogen Fertilizer Rate J. Environ. Qual., July 1, 2001; 30(4): 1305 - 1314. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. A. Goolsby, W. A. Battaglin, B. T. Aulenbach, and R. P. Hooper Nitrogen Input to the Gulf of Mexico J. Environ. Qual., March 1, 2001; 30(2): 329 - 336. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
G. W. Randall and D. J. Mulla Nitrate Nitrogen in Surface Waters as Influenced by Climatic Conditions and Agricultural Practices J. Environ. Qual., March 1, 2001; 30(2): 337 - 344. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
| The SCI Journals | Agronomy Journal | Crop Science | |||
| Journal of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Education |
Vadose Zone Journal | ||||
| Soil Science Society of America Journal | Journal of Plant Registrations | The Plant Genome | |||
