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Trace Metal Geochemistry in Spodosols of the Northeastern United States

Hull & Associates, 2726 Monroe St., Toledo, OH 43606;

Ronald Amundson^*

Div. of Ecosystem Sciences, 151 Hilgard Hall, Univ. of California, Berkeley, CA 94720;

George Brimhall, Jr.

Dep. of Geology and Geophysics, Univ. of California, Berkeley, CA 94720.

^* Corresponding author (earthy{at}nature.berkeley.edu).

ABSTRACT

Long-term or postglacial ( 12 000-year) net fluxes of Pb, Cu, Zn, Ni, Cr, and Co through three Spodosols, formed from different parent materials, were calculated using mass-balance modeling. Metal contents in vegetation and O horizons were also estimated and measured, respectively. Total metal contents in mineral horizons were fractionated into different operationally defined pedogenic phases using a sequential extraction technique. With few exceptions, the three soils had significant leaching losses for all trace metals (from 7–508 kg ha^–1), the greatest losses generally occurring in the E and upper horizons. The magnitude of losses by leaching varied with parent material, as a result of differences in weatherabilities of mineral suites. Combined metal contents in vegetation and O horizons, which may originate from anthropogenic additions as well as mineral weathering, are significantly large in some cases; however, these metal amounts are apparently not large enough to offset long-term leaching losses from the underlying mineral soil profiles. Some B and C horizons had net accumulations of extractable Pb, Cu, and/or Ni-bearing phases. Based on the sequential extraction procedure used, the extractable metal forms are probably pedogenic Fe oxide- and/or organic-bound phases. One soil apparently gained Cu (38 kg ha^–1), which may have been from atmospheric deposition.

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