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National Council of the Paper Industry for Air and Stream Improvement (NCASI), P.O. Box 141020, Gainesville, FL 32614-1020.
* Corresponding author (a_someshwar{at}ncasi.org).
ABSTRACT
Ashes resulting from the combustion of wood residues in industrial boilers are characterized relative to (i) macroelement compositions, (ii) trace and heavy metal microelement compositions, (iii) organics, and (iv) polychlorinated dibenzo-dioxins and -furans (PCDD/Fs). Ash compositions, both macro- and microelements, are compared with coal ash and limestone. Microelements in wood ashes are also compared with other potential soil amendments such as pulp mill sludges. The impact of burning sludge and combinations of coal and wood residue on ash metal concentrations is presented. Levels of PCDD/Fs in ash resulting from combustion of 100% inland wood residue, salty wood, or bleached mill sludge with wood residue are reviewed, as are the levels of PCDD/Fs in ashes and soot resulting from residential wood combustion. The concentrations of metals in wood ash are comparable to other potential soil amendments. The concentration in wood ash of common organics of environmental concern appears to be negligible. The levels of PCDD/Fs in the ash appear to have a direct correlation with extraneous sources of chloride in the wood fuel.
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