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Distribution and Persistence of Azinphos-Methyl and Parathion in Chemigated Cranberry Bogs

Environment Canada, Chemicals Evaluation Section, Environmental Protection Branch, Pacific & Yukon Region, 224 West Esplanade, North Vancouver, BC, Canada V7M 3H7;

Sunny Y. Szeto and Patricia Price

Pacific Agriculture Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 6660 N.W. Marine Drive, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T 1X2.

^* Corresponding author (wanm{at}epvan.dots.doe.ca).

ABSTRACT

Ditches draining two cranberry (Vaccinium spp.) bogs flowing into salmon (Oncorhynchus spp.) bearing waterbodies in the Lower Fraser Valley of British Columbia, Canada, were sampled in 1992 to determine the distribution and persistence of azinphos-methyl (AZI) and parathion (PAR) following three treatments through an irrigation system (chemigation), to control the black-headed fireworm (Rhopobota naevana Hbn). One bog was surrounded by a secured dike system for water retention and the other by a leaking dike system, representing a worst-case scenario. After each treatment, AZI and PAR residues were detected in ditch water (detection limit = 0.05 µg/L) and sediments (detection limit = 5 µg/kg) inside and outside the bogs and they persisted for 72 and 32 d, respectively. The highest concentrations in water were 175 µg/L for AZI and 21 µg/L for PAR. Concentrations of AZI and PAR in sediments ranged from not detected to 1582 µg/kg and persisted for 210 and 13 d, respectively. Low levels of aerial drift resulting from the treatment were detected beyond the outer perimeter of the sprinkler irrigation system in the cranberry bogs. Off-site release of insecticide residues occurred in the leaking dike system but not in the secured dike system. The released insecticide residues adversely affected nontarget aquatic organisms. Harvested cranberries contained no detectable (detection limit = 5 µg/kg) residues of AZI and PAR.

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