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Storage and Migration of Fallout Strontium-90 and Cesium-137 for Over 40 Years in the Surface Soil of Nagasaki

Abiko Research Laboratory, Central Research Institute of Electric Power Industry, 1646 Abiko, Abiko-City, Chiba, Japan.

^* Corresponding author.

ABSTRACT

The vertical migration of ⁹⁰Sr and ¹¹⁷Cs produced by the explosion of the atomic bomb in 1945 was investigated in an unsaturated soil layer in the Nishiyama area of Nagasaki. The in situ migration rates of ⁹⁰Sr and ¹³⁷Cs were estimated to be 4.2 mm yr^–1 and 1.0 mm yr^–1, respectively, when the rate of movement of soil water was 2500 mm yr^–1. The in situ K_d values of ⁹⁰Sr and ¹³⁷Cs were calculated to be 0.3 m³ kg^–1 and 1.2 m³ kg^–1, respectively. These are probably the only results that exist for the interaction between soil and ¹³⁷Cs and ⁹⁰Sr over 40 yr. These results suggest that since fallout ¹³⁷Cs and ⁹⁰Sr have remained in the surface soil for a long period of time, we should pay significant attention to radiological effects of nuclear accidents such as the Chernobyl disaster.

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