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Odor Control in Liquid Hog Manure by Added Amendments and Aeration

Dep. of Earth Sciences, Memorial Univ. of Newfoundland, St. John's, NF A1B 3X5;
Dep. of Food Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences of McGill Univ., 21 111 Lakeshore Road, Ste. Anne-de-Bellevue, PQ H9X 1C0;
Dep. of Renewable Resources, Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences of McGill Univ., 21 111 Lakeshore Road, Ste. Anne-de-Bellevue, PQ H9X 1C0;
Dep. of Agricultural Engineering, Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences of McGill Univ., 21 111 Lakeshore Road, Ste. Anne-de-Bellevue, PQ H9X 1C0.

^* Corresponding author.

ABSTRACT

A reduction in the emission of malodorous gases from liquid hog manure (LHM) would represent an advantage for LHM use in agricultural systems. Procedures for the reduction of disagreeable odors during storage of LHM (Sus scrofa domesticus) were studied in the laboratory. Sphagnum peat moss (Sphagnum moss species), 1.5 M H₂SO₄, 1.7 M H₃PO₄, monocalcium phosphate monohydrate (MCPM), elemental S, CaCO₃, and CaO were used to reduce odors. Amended and nonamended LHM was incubated with and without aeration for periods ranging from 2 to 720 h at 23 ± 0.4°C. Odor measurements of emitted air were carried out using a sensory panel. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was used to identify specific odor-producing compounds. The GC-MS analysis revealed that added Sphagnum moss (SM) prevented the release of 1,2-ethanediamine, N-methyl methanamine, 3-methyl 2-butanamine, methyl hydrazine, ethanethioic acid, and methanethiol from LHM. Aeration as a treatment, in general, resulted in a greater reduction of odor presence and offensiveness than nonaeration. In nonaerated LHM treatments, SM at levels of 4 or 8% (w/w) or a combined treatment of 2% CaCO₃ plus 1% SM resulted in a significant reduction in odor presence and offensiveness. Little odor reduction was observed with H₂SO₄, H₃PO₄, MCPM, and CaO, and no odor reduction was found with elemental S.

Supported by a grant from the Ministère de l'Environnement du Québec.

Received for publication August 13, 1991.

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