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Long-Term Groundwater Quality Changes from a One-Time Surface Bromide Application

USDA-ARS, North Appalachian Exp. Watershed, P.O. Box 478, Coshocton, OH 43812.

^* Corresponding author.

ABSTRACT

The purpose of this experiment was to use a conservative tracer to study the impacts on groundwater quality of a one-time application of a water soluble chemical. Potassium bromide was applied at a rate of 168 kg Br^–/ha to two 1.1-ha pasture watersheds in east-central Ohio. The watersheds had well-drained residual silt loam soils and with slopes of 12 to 25%. A nearly impermeable clay layer under the watersheds created a perched aquifer from which groundwater samples could be taken at developed springs. There were seasonal variations in Br^– concentrations in the groundwater and the highest concentrations (9.2 mg/L maximum peak) occurred within 3 yr following the Br^– application. Ten years following the Br^– application, Br^– concentration in the groundwater was still slightly above initial baseline levels. Even with a one-time application of a soluble chemical constituent on the surface of a small aquifer system, a multiyear impact was produced on the quality of groundwater.